Latin

What is Chagas disease?

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is an illness that can cause serious heart and stomach problems. It is caused by a parasite. Chagas disease is common in Latin America, especially in poor, rural areas. It can also be found in the United States, most often in people who were infected before they moved to the U.S.

What causes Chagas disease?

Chagas disease is caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite. It is usually spread by infected blood-sucking bugs called triatomine bugs. They are also known as "kissing bugs" because they often bite people's faces. When one of these bugs bites you, it leaves behind infected waste. You can become infected if you rub the waste in your eyes or nose, the bite wound, or a cut.

Chagas disease can also spread through contaminated food, a blood transfusion, a donated organ, or from the pregnant parent to the baby during pregnancy.

Who is more likely to develop Chagas disease?

Kissing bugs can be found throughout the Americas, but they are more common in certain areas. The people who are most at risk for Chagas disease:

Live in rural areas of Latin America
Have seen the bugs, especially in those areas
Have stayed in a house with a thatched roof or with walls that have cracks or crevices

What are the symptoms of Chagas disease?

In the beginning, there may be no symptoms. Some people do get mild symptoms, such as:

Fever
Fatigue
Body aches
Headache
Loss of appetite
Diarrhea
Vomiting
A rash
A swollen eyelid

These early symptoms usually go away. However, if you don't treat the infection, it stays in your body. Later, it can cause serious intestinal and heart problems such as:

An serious arrhythmia (a problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat) that can cause sudden death
An enlarged heart that doesn't pump blood well
Problems with digestion and bowel movements
An increased chance of having a stroke

How is Chagas disease diagnosed?

To find out if you have Chagas disease, your health care provider:

Will do a physical exam
Will take your medical history, including asking about your symptoms and where you have lived and traveled
Will run a blood test for Chagas disease
May run tests to see whether the disease has affected your intestines and heart

What are the treatments for Chagas disease?

Medicines can kill the parasite, especially early on. You can also treat related problems. For example, a pacemaker can help with some heart complications.

Can Chagas disease be prevented?

There are no vaccines or medicines to prevent Chagas disease. If you travel to areas where it occurs, you are at higher risk if you sleep outdoors or are staying in poor housing conditions. It is important to use insecticides to prevent bites and practice food safety.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Latin FDA Approved Drugs

BYDUREON [Exenatide Synthetic]

2mg/vial (subcutaneous for suspension, extended release)

Astrazeneca Ab^{Jan 27, 2012}

As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Lowering plasma glucagon in a subject in need thereof, including one with type 2 diabetes, by administering an exendin or analog, such as exendin-4.
Method for treating type 2 diabetes using a sustained-release composition containing exenatide.
Reducing food intake in a subject with type 2 diabetes by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Reducing gastric motility or delaying gastric emptying by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Reductions in body weight are observed with exenatide.
Treating type 2 diabetes mellitus with exenatide by stimulating insulin release.
Treatment of type 2 diabetes.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

BYDUREON PEN [Exenatide Synthetic]

2mg (subcutaneous for suspension, extended release)

Astrazeneca Ab^{Feb 28, 2014}

As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Lowering plasma glucagon in a subject in need thereof, including one with type 2 diabetes, by administering an exendin or analog, such as exendin-4.
Method for treating type 2 diabetes using a sustained-release composition containing exenatide.
Reducing food intake in a subject with type 2 diabetes by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Reducing gastric motility or delaying gastric emptying by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Reductions in body weight are observed with exenatide.
Treating type 2 diabetes mellitus with exenatide by stimulating insulin release.
Treatment of type 2 diabetes.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

BYETTA [Exenatide Synthetic]

300mcg/1.2ml (250mcg/ml) (subcutaneous injectable)

600mcg/2.4ml (250mcg/ml) (subcutaneous injectable)

Astrazeneca Ab^{Apr 28, 2005}

Lowering plasma glucagon in a subject in need thereof, including one with type 2 diabetes, by administering an exendin or analog, such as exendin-4.
Reducing food intake in a subject with type 2 diabetes by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Reducing gastric motility or delaying gastric emptying by administering an exendin, such as exendin-4.
Stimulating insulin release by administering exenatide.
Treating type 2 diabetes mellitus with exenatide by stimulating insulin release.
Use of exenatide may result in reduction in appetite..
Use of exenatide may result in reduction in body weight.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

CARBOPLATIN [Carboplatin^{C₆H₆O₄Pt2H₃N}]

150mg/15ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

1gm/100ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

450mg/45ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

50mg/5ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

600mg/60ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

Accord Hlthcare^{Feb 9, 2017}
Akorn^{Jul 29, 2009}
Cipla Ltd^{Jan 18, 2007}
Fresenius Kabi Oncol^{Sep 29, 2006}
Gland Pharma Ltd^{Feb 15, 2017}
Hospira^{Oct 14, 2004}
Ingenus Pharms Llc^{Apr 26, 2017}
Mylan Institutional^{Apr 24, 2007}
Mylan Labs Ltd^{Nov 9, 2011}
Nanjing King-friend^{Jun 14, 2005}
Pharmachemie Bv^{Oct 14, 2004}
Pliva Lachema^{Dec 2, 2008}
Sandoz Inc^{May 8, 2008}
Sanja Pharms Co^{Mar 28, 2016}
Sun Pharma Global^{Sep 19, 2008}
Teva Pharms Usa^{Sep 21, 2005}
West-ward Pharms Int^{Oct 15, 2004}
Fresenius Kabi Usa^{Feb 15, 2006}

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

CISPLATIN [Cisplatin^2ClPt2H₃N]

1mg/ml (injection injectable)

Accord Hlthcare^{Aug 18, 2015}
Fresenius Kabi Usa^{Jul 16, 1999}
Gland Pharma Ltd^{Mar 17, 2017}
Hq Spclt Pharma^{Nov 8, 1988}
Mylan Labs Ltd^{Apr 18, 2012}
Pharmachemie Bv^{May 16, 2000}
West-ward Pharms Int^{Nov 7, 2000}

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

CONTRAVE [Bupropion Hydrochloride^{C₁₃H₁₈ClNOClH} : Naltrexone Hydrochloride^{C₂₀H₂₃NO₄ClH}]

90mg : 8mg (oral tablet, extended release)

Orexigen^{Sep 10, 2014}

For chronic weight management for treating overweight or obesity.
For effect on blood glucose parameters in patients with insulin resistance.
Use of naltrexone and bupropion based on an escalating dose schedule.
Use of naltrexone and bupropion for chronic weight management for treating overweight or obesity in patients with major depressive disorder.
Use of naltrexone and bupropion in a layered formulation for chronic weight management for affecting weight loss.
Use of naltrexone and bupropion in extended-release form for chronic weight management for treating overweight or obesity.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

ELOXATIN [Oxaliplatin^{C₆H₁₄N₂C₂O₄Pt}]

100mg/20ml (5mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

50mg/10ml (5mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

Sanofi Aventis Us^{Jan 31, 2005}

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

FOLLISTIM AQ [Follitropin Alfa/beta]

300 iu/0.36ml (subcutaneous injectable)

600 iu/0.72ml (subcutaneous injectable)

900 iu/1.08ml (subcutaneous injectable)

Organon Usa Inc^{Mar 23, 2004}

A method for administering follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) for ovarian follicle or testicular stimulation in the human.
Method of administering fsh for the treatment of infertility through induction of ovulation and pregnancy in anovulatory infertile women.
Method of treating infertility.
Treatment of infertility through induction of ovulation and pregnancy to anovulatory infertile women.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

GILOTRIF [Afatinib Dimaleate^{C₂₄H₂₅ClFN₅O₃2C₄H₄O₄}]

eq 20mg base (oral tablet)

eq 30mg base (oral tablet)

eq 40mg base (oral tablet)

Boehringer Ingelheim^{Jul 12, 2013}

Treatment of cancer.
Treatment of patients with advanced (metastatic) non-small cell lung cancer whose disease progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

LATISSE [Bimatoprost^{C₂₅H₃₇NO₄}]

0.03% (topical solution/drops)

Allergan^{Dec 24, 2008}

Method of increasing eyelash growth including length, thickness, darkness and/or number of eyelashes by administering bimatoprost to an eyelid margin.
Method of increasing eyelash growth with bimatoprost.
Method of increasing eyelash growth.
Method of increasing growth of hair including eyelashes.
Method of increasing hair growth.
Method of stimulating hair growth.
Treatment of hypotrichosis of the eyelashes by increasing their growth including length, thickness and darkness.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

LEXISCAN [Regadenoson^{C₁₅H₁₈N₈O₅H₂O}]

0.4mg/5ml (0.08mg/ml) (intravenous solution)

Astellas^{Apr 10, 2008}

A method of myocardial perfusion imaging and increasing coronary blood flow.
Method for stimulating coronary vasodilation for purposes of imaging the heart.
Method for stimulating coronoary vasodilation for purposes of imaging the heart.
Method of myocardial imaging.
Method of producing coronary vasodilation without peripheral vasodilation.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

LONSURF [Tipiracil Hydrochloride^{C₉H₁₁ClN₄O₂ClH} : Trifluridine^{C₁₀H₁₁F₃N₂O₅}]

eq 6.14mg base : 15mg (oral tablet)

eq 8.19mg base : 20mg (oral tablet)

Taiho Oncology^{Sep 22, 2015}

Treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have been previously treated with fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-vegf biological therapy, and if ras wild-type, an anti-egfr therapy.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

MOZOBIL [Plerixafor^{C₂₈H₅₄N₈}]

24mg/1.2ml (20mg/ml) (subcutaneous solution)

Genzyme^{Dec 15, 2008}

Use in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (g-csf) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to peripheral blood for collection & subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-hodgkin's lymphoma & multiple myeloma.

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

OXALIPLATIN [Oxaliplatin^{C₆H₁₄N₂C₂O₄Pt}]

100mg/20ml (5mg/ml) (iv (infusion) injectable)

100mg/vial (iv (infusion) injectable)

Accord Hlthcare^{Mar 21, 2017}
Cipla Ltd^{Feb 10, 2017}
Fresenius Kabi Oncol^{Jun 10, 2010}
Fresenius Kabi Usa^{Jan 31, 2017}
Gland Pharma Ltd^{Feb 10, 2017}
Hospira Worldwide^{Aug 7, 2009}
Jiangsu Hengrui Med^{Jun 18, 2014}
Luitpold Pharms Inc^{May 12, 2017}
Mylan Labs Ltd^{Aug 7, 2012}
Qilu Pharm Co Ltd^{Jun 7, 2016}
Sandoz^{Jan 24, 2011}
Sun Pharma Global^{Apr 8, 2014}
Teva Pharms^{Aug 7, 2009}
Actavis Totowa^{Aug 8, 2012}

efficacy
0.0 (0)

side effects
0.0 (0)

danger
0.0 (0)

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.

WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Latin

ALOE^ALOE
...on of the lower bowel when not due to fissure or inflammation. Action.Aloes is a slow-acting stimulating purgative, probably affecting only the lower bowel, notably the rectum. In small doses it is ...... if taken internally, and administered to a nursing mother it purges the sucking child. By its stimulating action upon unstriped fibre, as of the bowel and uterus, and its tendency to excite the pelvi...¹

ANISUM (Pimpinella anisum)^PIAN3
The dried ripe fruit of Pimpinella Anisum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). Egypt and Western Asia; cultivated in Southern Europe. Dose, 5 to 40... / ...Specific Indication.-Flatulence, with colicky pain. Action and Therapy.Anise is an agreeable stimulating carminative employed principally for the relief of nausea, flatulency, and the flatulent coli... / ...hot water is more agreeable and effective for older children and adults. The oil (1 to 5 drops) on sugar may be used by the latter, if desired. ¹

ANTHEMIS NOBILIS
The flower-heads of Anthemis nobilis, Linné, (Nat. Ord. Compositae). Collected from cultivated... / ...lants. Common Names: Roman Chamomile, Chamomile, English Chamomile. Principal Constituents.A stimulating oil (Oleum Anthemidis) and resin; and tannin. Preparations.1. Specific Medicine Anthemis. D... / ...facilitate the flow. The oil may be employed for a like purpose, and for intestinal cramps and colic due to flatulency. Anthemis is little used. ¹

ARALIA RACEMOSA
The root of Aralia racemosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Araliaceae). Found in rich woodlands and rocky situations in the eastern half of the United... / ...rritative cough of debility with excessive secretion. Action and Therapy.A pleasant aromatic stimulating expectorant for chronic pulmonic affections, with cough from marked irritation and excessive ...¹

ASARUM CANDENSE
The rhizome and rootlets of Asarum canadense, Linné (Nat. Ord. Aristolochiaceae). A native perennial of the United States found in rich soils in... / ...3. Syrupus Asari, Syrup of Asarum. Dose, 1-2 fluidrachms. Action and Therapy.A very pleasant stimulating carminative, diaphoretic and emmenagogue, of considerable value in amenorrhea from recent col...¹

ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
The root of Asclepias tuberosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Asclepiadaceae). United States and Canada. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common Names: Pleurisy Root,... / ...es local hyperemia by vaso-motor control. Through some unexplained, though probably circulatory regulating action upon the sweat-glands it produces a true diaphoresis, including the elimination of bot...¹

BALSAMUM PERUVIANUM
...position for some weeks in order to insure results. The same solution may be poured into small granulating sinuses, produced by drainage tubes, that refuse to heal. Beef marrow, 1 ounce; quinine, 10 g......ins; and balsam of Peru, 1 drachm, has been advised in alopecia. Internal. Balsam of Peru is a stimulating expectorant and is of some value to restrain secretion in the bronchorrhoea of the aged. It h...¹

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus speciesMM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...n the sympathetic nervous system, through the superior cervical ganglia, expending its force in regulating the action of the heart and controlling the cerebral circulation, thus giving increased nutri... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to¹

CAFFEA
...o increases reflex activity of the spinal cord. Used moderately it is a mild bitter stomachic, stimulating the appetite and facilitating digestion. There is reason to believe that it increases hepatic......latter has been removed are just as likely to produce stomach disorders as regular coffee. The stimulating effects of coffee are most largely due to caffeine. This alkaloid is one of the most rapidly ......d the ventricle. Caffeine increases the output of both the solids and the fluids of the urine, by dilating the renal bloodvessels and by direct action upon the renal epithelia. The tissuewaste of the ...¹

CAMPHORA
A stearopten (having the nature of a ketone) derived from Cinnamomum Camphora. (Linné), Nees et Ebermeier (Nat. Ord. Lauraceae). China and... / ...nt, rubefacient, antipruritic, and feebly antiseptic. Owing to its agreeable odor and pleasant stimulating effects it is largely used, as a powder, in lotions, and ointments, or rubbed up with other s... / ...due to gaseous distention of the stomach, or to nervous irritability. In occipital headache, from mental strain, or overstudy, small doses of ¹

CANTHARIS
The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...ntharis has a limited use in modern specific therapeutics. In very small doses it is a decided stimulating diuretic and special sedative to the bladder. One must be very careful, however, to avoid irr...¹

CAPSELLA^CAPSE
The freshly dried plant Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Moench (Nat. Ord. Cruciferae). A common weed, native of Europe, but naturalized... / ...olorless flow. Action and Therapy.Capsella acts chiefly upon the urinary tract, being a mild stimulating diuretic. The infusion, tincture and specific medicine are all efficient, but the green plant... / ...disorders of the urinary tract, with constant desire to urinate, and especially if associated with phosphatic deposits or passive hemorrhage.¹

CAPSICUM
The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...incture of capsicum, or capsicum with vinegar, and sometimes with salt, is a common and useful stimulating gargle for sluggish forms of sore throat, and sometimes apparently aborts tonsillitis. Capsic...¹

CARYOPHYLLUS
The unexpanded flowers (dried flower-buds) of Eugenia aromatica (Linné), O Kuntze. (Jambosa Caryophyllus (Sprengel) Niedenzu). (Nat. Ord.... / ...tes the salivary secretions and stimulates digestion by impressing the nerves of smell and taste, dilating the gastric vessels, provoking the flow of gastric juice, and inducing increased peristalsis ... / ...oil of clove frequently relieves it. Eugenol. Derived from oil of clove and other sources may be given in doses of 1 to 3 minims.¹

CHIONANTHUS
The bark of the root of Chionanthus virginicus, Linné. (Nat. Ord. Oleaceae.) United States from Pennsylvania southward. Dose, 5 to 30... / ...reen stools; jaundice, with pale watery alvine discharges and intense itching of the skin; pain simulating colic, extending from liver region over the whole abdomen; tympanites; and presence of sugar ... / ...never reach the true diabetic state. There is good reason to believe that the prolonged use of chionanthus will be of much benefit in such cases.¹

Physician's Materia Medica on Latin

ACID SALICYLIC and SALICYLATES
a. Salicyi iC Acid . An energetic antiseptic with comparatively little poisonous action; inhibits fermentation; used chiefi y in rheuma tism, the free acid acting more powerfully than its salts (e. g. sodium salicylate) but more liable to cause gastric irritation. Dose (in rheu matism) 0.6 to 1.3 Grm. (10 to 20 grs.) four to six times a day. b. Ammonium Salicylate. Properties of Salicylic Acid with some stimulating action. Dose, 0.3 to 1.3 Grm. (5 to 20 grs.). c. Lithium Salicylate. Combines the²

AMMONIA
The medicinal preparation (Water of Ammonia) is a solution in water of the gas, Ammonia. Powerful irritant, rubefacient; much used in stimulating liniments, which should never be confined under an impervious covering unless blistering is desired. Internally a powerful stimulant, the effect passing off, however, quickly. It is antacid, but the carbonate is to be preferred for this use. Dilute solutions give relief for insect stings. Dose, 0.06 to 1.0 c. c. (1 to 15 m), highly diluted.²

CUBEB^PICU
The uuripe fruit of PIPER CUBEBA, Lin. fil. Stimulating diuretic and expectorant, aromatic, antiseptic. Useful in catarrhal inflam mation of mucous membranes, particularly of the air passages and of the genito-urinary tract.²

FROSTWORT
The herb of HELIANTHEMUM CANADENSE, Michx. Bitter tonic, alterative, astringent, in large doses emetic. Used in strumous and syphilitic affiections; the infusion as a gargle in scarlatina.²

KINO
Inspissated juice of PTEROCARPUS MARSUPIUM, Roxburgh. A powerful astringent. Its liquid preparations are liable to gelatinize and are consequently not now much used. Dose, 0.6 to 1.3 Grm. (10 to 20 grs.).²

MYRRH^COMMI2
Gum-resin obtained from COMMIPHORA MYRRHA, (Nees) Engler. Stimulating tonic, expectorant, emmenagogue; frequently combined with Aloes and Iron in amenorrhea; topically applied in dilute solu tion to spongy gums, aphthous ulcerations of the mouth, etc.²

NITROGLYCERIN (Glonoin, Trinitrin)
Product of the action of nitric acid on GLYCERIN. The remedy reduces arterial pressure at the same time dilating remarkably the capillary blood vessels. It is thus a remedy for chills and the inter nal congestions causing these, for angina pectoris, for cardiac failure (cautiously used) for some forms of asthma and dysmenorrhea, and in combination with digitalis as a rapidly acting stimulant. Dose, 0.0003 to 0.006 Grm. (1-200 to 1-10 gr.).²

SERPENTARIA (Virginia Snakeroot)
The rhizome and roots of ARISTQLQCHIA SERPENTARIA, Lin. Stimulating tonic, diaphoretic, diuretic, stomachic. Employed in atonic dyspepsia, in typhoid conditions; applied locally in Rhus poisoning.²

TEREBENE
Prepared from OIL OF TURPENTINE, but much less disagreeable in odor and taste. Stimulating expectorant, antiseptlc. Very useful in chronic bronchial affections with thick tenacious mucus; employ ed also like Copaiba in genito-urinary inflammations, and in fermentative dyspepsia. Dose, 0.3 to 0.6 c. c. (5 to 10 M).²

WATERMELON^CITRU
The seeds of CITRULLUS VULGARIS, Schrad. Demulcent, diuretic, refrigerant. May be used where other diuretics might be too stimulating²

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Latin

ABORTION
Habitual abortion may be due to syphilis, to endo-metritis or uterine displacement. to undue... / ...pends upon recognizing and removing the cause. The patient must be given the benefit of the best hygienic conditions; avoid irri tant cathartics, regulating the bowels with compound liquorice powder or cascara sagrada; prescribe Uterotonic, N., B. & Co. or other Uterine Sedative; avoid large doses o... / ...with proper caution, and only a physiologically stand ardized preparation should be employed.²

ANEURISM
...at by pressure and other surgical procedures. Rest in bed and freedom from excitement are essential in any case. The diet must be simple and not stimulating. Potassium iodide is commonly useful. Use veratrum viride or possibly aconite, but not digitalis to control heart action. For pain, opiates, mo......ined with chloral or croton chloral; chlorodyne. To favor formation of clots, gallic acid, calcium chloride, subcutaneous injections of steril ized gelatin solution or of iron salts.²

CATARRH, NASAL (See also Coryza)
Chronic Nasal Catarrh in our climate is an intractable affection. In mild cases Alkal-Antiseptine, well diluted with water and ap plied twice daily by aid of the little douche that accompanies it, is all the treatment needed. Application of Iodosyl once daily has a most happy effect. Tonics are often indicated. Atrophic Nasal Catarrh calls for use of more active antiseptics and a stimulating treatment, silver nitrate, iodine and hydrogen peroxide being the most useful remediés.²

ECZEMA
Improve general health of patient by hygienic measures. See that the diet is simple and substantial. Fats, salted meats,... / ...aint is present, treat on general princi ples. In early stages, apply zinc ointment or zinc oxide or oleate as a dusting powder. Later, use more stimulating remedies—ointments of tar, resorcin, green soap, ichthyol, salicylic acid or oil of cade.²

GOUT
In acute attacks prescribe colchicum, pushing the remedy to its full effect; morphine... / ...water, particularly lithia water; potassium iodide; local application of alka line lotions, tincture iodine or oil peppermint. Indigestible and stimu lating food and alcoholic drinks must be prohibited. In Sub-acute and Chronic Gout, potassium iodide, arsenic and free use of lithia wa ter or of Effe...²

HEADACHE
Seek the cause and govern treatment accordingly. Distinguish articularly congestive from anemic headaches. In the former ergot and vascular sedatives are useful, in the latter stimulating remedies are indicated. See that excretions are normal, that the eyes are not under strain from errors of refraction. that hygenic conditions are good and that the patient takes suflicient exercise and recreation.²

RHEUMATISM, ARTICULAR
...olutions (sodium bicarbonate, sodium salicylate, of each 20 grs. to the oz.)or ointments of ichthyol or salicyl ic acid; later, tincture iodine, stimulating liniments, fly blisters. In Chronic Rheumatism, the most useful remedies internally are potassium iodide, colchicum and cod liver oil. Locally,...... liniments, fly blisters. In Chronic Rheumatism, the most useful remedies internally are potassium iodide, colchicum and cod liver oil. Locally, stimulating liniments are to be applied with friction.²

SCARLATINA
Some physicians prescribe as a specific remedy sodium salicylate (2 gr. doses every hour), others chloral (2 to 4 grs. every 2 to 4 hours). The usual treatment is by diaphoretic and diuretic refrigerants. potassium citrate with spirit nitrous ether, vichy water or Ze-an, N., B. & Co., with potassium acetate. For the sore throat, cold applica tions externally; gargles of Alkal-Antiseptine, N., B. & Co., or car bolic acid and borax; vapors charged with eucalyptol. For the itch ing, local applicati...²

ULCERS
The treatment must depend on the conditions. In general the applications that are of most benefit are at once stimulating and antiseptic. That most generally useful is Iodosyl. As a cleansing agent, hydrogen peroxide is generally best, although more powerful applications (caustics) have their use, particularly strong carbolic acid followed by alcohol to limit its destructive action.²

VOMITING
If due to fermentation of food. regulate the diet and prescribe gastric antiseptics, or lavage.... / ...ding the patient per rectum. When due to debility or exhaustion, as after excesses, the best remedies are; ipecac, in small doses (for its local stimulating action); nux vomica, arsenic (Fowler’s solution). Counter irrita tion by mustard leaves over the epigastrium is very serviceable. When the vo... / ...give relief.²

References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.

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