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What is tuberculosis (TB)?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease that usually attacks the lungs. But it can also attack other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine, and brain.

Not everyone infected with TB bacteria (germs) becomes sick. So, there are two types of TB conditions:

Inactive (latent) TB infection, where the TB germs live in your body but don't make you sick.
TB disease (active TB) where you get sick from the TB germs. TB disease can almost always be cured with antibiotics. But if it's not treated properly, it can be fatal.

TB is found in the U.S., but it is more common in certain other countries.

What causes tuberculosis (TB)?

TB is caused by bacteria (germs) called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The germs spread from person to person through the air. People who have TB disease in their throat or lungs spread the germs in the air when they cough, sneeze, talk, or sing. If you breathe in the air that has the germs, you can get TB.

TB is not spread by touching, kissing, or sharing food or dishes.

You're more likely to catch TB from people you live or work with than from people you see for shorter amounts of time.

Who is more likely to get infected with tuberculosis (TB) germs?

Anyone who is near a person with TB disease can get infected with the germs. You are more likely to be near someone with TB disease if you:

Were born in or often travel to countries where TB disease is common
Are a health care worker
Work or live in a place where TB is more common, such as shelters for people without homes, jails, and nursing homes

Who is more likely to develop TB disease?

Certain people are more likely to get sick with TB disease after they get infected. They include people who:

Have HIV
Became infected with TB in the last 2 years
Have other diseases, such as diabetes, that make it hard for your body to fight TB germs
Have alcohol use disorder (AUD) or inject illegal drugs
Were not treated correctly for TB in the past
Are under age 5
Are an older adult
Take medicines that weaken the immune system, such as medicines taken after an organ transplant, steroids, and specialized treatments for certain autoimmune diseases

What are the symptoms of tuberculosis (TB)?

Most people who have TB germs in their bodies don't get sick with TB disease. Instead, they have inactive TB infection. With an inactive TB infection, you:

Don't have symptoms
Can't spread TB to others
Could get sick with active TB disease in the future if your immune system becomes weak for another reason
Need to take medicine to prevent getting sick with active TB disease in the future

If you have TB disease, the TB germs are active, meaning that they are growing (multiplying) inside your body and making you sick. If the TB is growing in your lungs or throat, you can spread the TB germs to other people. You can get sick with TB disease weeks to years after you're infected with TB germs.

With TB disease, your symptoms will depend on where the TB is growing in your body:

General symptoms may include:
- Chills and fever
- Night sweats (heavy sweating during sleep)
- Losing weight without trying
- Loss of appetite
- Weakness or fatigue
Symptoms from TB disease in your lungs may include:
- A cough that lasts longer than 3 weeks
- Coughing up blood or sputum (a thick mucus from the lungs)
- Chest pain

How is tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed?

Your health care provider or your local health department can test you to find out if you have TB germs in your body. They will give you either a TB skin or blood test.

If your test shows that you have TB germs, you'll need to have other tests to see if the germs are actively growing:

Tests for TB disease in the lungs usually include testing samples of your sputum and having chest x-rays.
Tests for TB disease in other parts of your body may include tests of urine and tissue samples.

You may need a TB test if you have symptoms of TB disease or if you are at high risk because you are more likely to be near someone with TB disease.

People who have HIV also need to get tested for TB. HIV weakens your immune system. So if you have both HIV and inactive TB, the TB can quickly become active TB disease. You will need treatment for the inactive TB as soon as possible to prevent active TB disease.

What is the treatment for tuberculosis (TB)?

The treatment for both inactive TB infection and TB disease is antibiotics. To make sure you get rid of all the TB germs in your body, it's very important to follow the directions for taking your medicine.

If you don't follow the directions, the TB germs in your body could change and become antibiotic resistant. That means the medicine may stop working and your TB may become hard to cure.

For inactive TB infections, you need to take medicines for three, four, six, or nine months, depending on the treatment plan. Treatment helps make sure you don't get TB disease in the future.
For active TB disease, you usually need to take medicines for four, six, or nine months, depending on the treatment plan. Treatment will almost always cure you if you take your pills the right way.
For TB disease in your lungs or throat, you'll need to stay home for a few weeks, so you don't spread disease to other people. You can protect the people you live with by:
- Covering your nose and mouth.
- Opening windows when possible.
- Not getting too close to them.
For drug-resistant TB disease, which means that the TB germs are resistant to certain TB medicines, you will need to take special medicines. Treatment may take a long time, sometimes months or years. The medicines can cause side effects. Your provider will closely monitor your treatment to make sure the medicines are working.

By following medical advice for TB testing and treatment, you can keep yourself healthy and help stop the spread of TB.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Active FDA Approved Drugs

ACTIVELLA [Estradiol^{C₁₈H₂₄O₂} : Norethindrone Acetate^{C₂₂H₂₈O₃}]

0.5mg : 0.1mg (oral tablet)

1mg : 0.5mg (oral tablet)

Amneal Pharms Llc^{Dec 28, 2006}

ACTOS [Pioglitazone Hydrochloride^{C₁₉H₂₀N₂O₃SClH}]

eq 15mg base (oral tablet)

eq 30mg base (oral tablet)

eq 45mg base (oral tablet)

Takeda Pharms Usa^{Jul 15, 1999}

Method of reducing side effects of active components admin to a diabetic by admin a chemical compound having formula (incl pioglitazone) in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.

ADDYI [Flibanserin^{C₂₀H₂₁F₃N₄O}]

100mg (oral tablet)

Sprout Pharms^{Aug 18, 2015}

Use of flibanserin or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder (hsdd).

AMABELZ [Estradiol^{C₁₈H₂₄O₂} : Norethindrone Acetate^{C₂₂H₂₈O₃}]

0.5mg : 0.1mg (oral tablet)

1mg : 0.5mg (oral tablet)

Lupin Ltd^{Jun 20, 2016}

AMYVID [Florbetapir F-18^{C₂₀H₂₅FN₂O₃}]

10-30ml (13.5-51mci/ml) (intravenous solution)

10-50ml (13.5-51mci/ml) (intravenous solution)

Avid Radiopharms Inc^{Apr 6, 2012}

Amyvid is a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron emission tomography (pet) imaging of the brain to estimate beta-amyloid neuritic plaque density in adult patients with cognitive impairment.

AXIRON [Testosterone^{C₁₉H₂₈O₂}]

30mg/1.5ml actuation (transdermal solution, metered)

Eli Lilly And Co^{Nov 23, 2010}

A method of increasing the testosterone blood level of a person in need thereof.
A method of increasing the testosterone blood level of an adult male subject in need thereof.
A method of transdermal administration of a physiologically active agent to a subject..
A method of transdermally delivering testosterone.
Testosterone replacement therapy in males for conditions associated with a deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone.

COMBIPATCH [Estradiol^{C₁₈H₂₄O₂} : Norethindrone Acetate^{C₂₂H₂₈O₃}]

0.05mg/24hr : 0.14mg/24hr (transdermal film, extended release)

0.05mg/24hr : 0.25mg/24hr (transdermal film, extended release)

Noven Pharms Inc^{Aug 7, 1998}

DETROL LA [Tolterodine Tartrate^{C₂₂H₃₁NOC₄H₆O₆}]

2mg (oral capsule, extended release)

4mg (oral capsule, extended release)

Pharmacia And Upjohn^{Dec 22, 2000}

Treatment of overactive bladder. treatment of urinary incontinence..

ESTRADIOL AND NORETHINDRONE ACETATE [Estradiol^{C₁₈H₂₄O₂} : Norethindrone Acetate^{C₂₂H₂₈O₃}]

0.5mg : 0.1mg (oral tablet)

1mg : 0.5mg (oral tablet)

Breckenridge Pharm^{Jun 9, 2011}
Mylan Labs Ltd^{Feb 10, 2017}
Teva Pharms Usa^{Mar 8, 2012}
Barr^{May 11, 2010}

FACTIVE [Gemifloxacin Mesylate^{C₁₈H₂₀FN₅O₄CH₄O₃S}]

eq 320mg base (oral tablet)

Lg Chem Ltd^{Apr 4, 2003}

Methods of use of antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic amycoplasma bacteria.
Use of quinolone compounds against anaerobic pathogenic bacteria.
Use of quinolone compounds against atypical upper respiratory pathogenic bacteria.
Use of quinolone compounds against pneumococcal pathogenic bacteria.
Use of quinolone compounds against quinolone-resistant pneumococcal pathogenic bacteria.

GELNIQUE [Oxybutynin Chloride^{C₂₂H₃₁NO₃ClH}]

10%(100mg/packet) (transdermal gel)

Allergan Sales Llc^{Jan 27, 2009}

Treatment of overactive bladder by application of oxybutynin chloride gel to skin.
Treatment of patients with an overactive bladder with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, or urge incontinence.

GEMIFLOXACIN MESYLATE [Gemifloxacin Mesylate^{C₁₈H₂₀FN₅O₄CH₄O₃S}]

eq 320mg base (oral tablet)

Orchid Hlthcare^{Jun 15, 2015}

GIAZO [Balsalazide Disodium^{C₁₇H₁₃N₃O₆2Na2H₂O}]

1.1gm (oral tablet)

Valeant Pharms Intl^{Feb 3, 2012}

Treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis in male patients.

KAZANO [Alogliptin Benzoate^{C₁₈H₂₁N₅O₂C₇H₆O₂} : Metformin Hydrochloride^{C₄H₁₁N₅ClH}]

eq 12.5mg base : 1gm (oral tablet)

eq 12.5mg base : 500mg (oral tablet)

Takeda Pharms Usa^{Jan 25, 2013}

Method of treating diabetes comprising administering a compound such as alogliptin.
Method of treating diabetes comprising administering alogliptin.
Methods of lowering elevated post prandial blood glucose levels comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor.
Methods of modifying glucose metabolism and treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and one or more other therapeutic agents such as metformin.
Methods of reducing the side effects of active components administered to a diabetic patient comprising administering an insulin sensitivity enhancer such as pioglitazone in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.
Methods of treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and metformin.

MYRBETRIQ [Mirabegron^{C₂₁H₂₄N₄O₂S}]

25mg (oral tablet, extended release)

50mg (oral tablet, extended release)

Apgdi^{Jun 28, 2012}

For the treatment of overactive bladder (oab) with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency.

NESINA [Alogliptin Benzoate^{C₁₈H₂₁N₅O₂C₇H₆O₂}]

eq 12.5mg base (oral tablet)

eq 25mg base (oral tablet)

eq 6.25mg base (oral tablet)

Takeda Pharms Usa^{Jan 25, 2013}

Method of treating diabetes comprising administering a compound such as alogliptin.
Method of treating diabetes comprising administering alogliptin.
Methods of lowering elevated post prandial blood glucose levels comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor.
Methods of modifying glucose metabolism and treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and one or more other therapeutic agents such as metformin.
Methods of reducing the side effects of active components administered to a diabetic patient comprising administering an insulin sensitivity enhancer such as pioglitazone in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.
Methods of treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and metformin.

NEURACEQ [Florbetaben F-18^{C₂₁H₂₆FNO₃}]

30ml (1.4-135mci/ml) (intravenous solution)

Piramal Imaging^{Mar 19, 2014}

Neuraceq is a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron emission tomography (pet) imaging of the brain to estimate p-amyloid neuritic plaque density in adult patients with cognitive impairment.

OSENI [Alogliptin Benzoate^{C₁₈H₂₁N₅O₂C₇H₆O₂} : Pioglitazone Hydrochloride^{C₁₉H₂₀N₂O₃SClH}]

eq 12.5mg base : eq 15mg base (oral tablet)

eq 12.5mg base : eq 30mg base (oral tablet)

eq 12.5mg base : eq 45mg base (oral tablet)

eq 25mg base : eq 15mg base (oral tablet)

eq 25mg base : eq 30mg base (oral tablet)

eq 25mg base : eq 45mg base (oral tablet)

Takeda Pharms Usa^{Jan 25, 2013}

Method of treating diabetes comprising administering a compound such as alogliptin.
Method of treating diabetes comprising administering alogliptin.
Methods of lowering elevated post prandial blood glucose levels comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor.
Methods of modifying glucose metabolism and treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and one or more other therapeutic agents such as metformin.
Methods of reducing the side effects of active components administered to a diabetic patient comprising administering an insulin sensitivity enhancer such as pioglitazone in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.
Methods of treating diabetes comprising administering an insulin sensitivity enhancer such as pioglitazone in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.
Methods of treating diabetes comprising administering a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor and metformin.

OXYTROL [Oxybutynin^{C₂₂H₃₁NO₃}]

3.9mg/24hr (transdermal film, extended release)

Allergan Sales Llc^{Feb 26, 2003}

Treatment of patients with an overactive bladder with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, or urge incontinence.

OXYTROL FOR WOMEN [Oxybutynin^{C₂₂H₃₁NO₃}]

OTC

3.9mg/24hr (transdermal film, extended release)

Allergan Sales Llc^{Jan 25, 2013}

Treatment of patients with an overactive bladder.

STRIANT [Testosterone^{C₁₉H₂₈O₂}]

30mg (buccal tablet, extended release)

Auxilium Pharms Llc^{Jun 19, 2003}

Method of delivering an active ingredient using a progressive hydration bioadhesive.

TOVIAZ [Fesoterodine Fumarate^{C₂₆H₃₇NO₃C₄H₄O₄}]

4mg (oral tablet, extended release)

8mg (oral tablet, extended release)

Pfizer^{Oct 31, 2008}

Treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.

TYZEKA [Telbivudine^{C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₅}]

600mg (oral tablet)

Novartis^{Oct 25, 2006}

Treatment of chronic hepatitis b in adult patients with evidence of viral replication and either evidence of persistant elevations in serum aminotransferases (alt or ast) or histologically active disease.
Treatment of chronic hepatitis b in adult patients.

UCERIS [Budesonide]

2mg/actuation (rectal aerosol, foam)

9mg (oral tablet, extended release)

Valeant Pharms Intl^{Oct 7, 2014}

ZEGERID [Omeprazole^{C₁₇H₁₉N₃O₃S} : Sodium Bicarbonate^CHO₃Na]

20mg/packet : 1.68gm/packet (oral for suspension)

20mg : 1.1gm (oral capsule)

40mg/packet : 1.68gm/packet (oral for suspension)

40mg : 1.1gm (oral capsule)

Santarus Inc^{Jun 15, 2004}

Reduction of risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients.
Short term treatment of active benign gastric ulcer.
Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer; treatment of heartburn and other symptoms associated with gerd; short-term treatment of erosive esophagitis; maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis.

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.

WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for reference only. Many of these treatments may be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field. The owner of this website will not be held liable for any injuries and deaths cause by following any home remedies. We have no control of what is posted.

Home Remedies for Active

PREVENT HEADACHE
Take 200 to 400 mg of active elemental magnesium before the onset of a headache. Check with your doctor first if you have kidney problems.ThomasFuh | November 5th, 2017

WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Active

ACTÆA ALBA.
The rhizome and rootlets of Actaea alba, Bigelow (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). A perennial of the United States east of the Mississippi, abounding in... / ...ion; pinkish hue of parts freely supplied by blood (Scudder). Action and Therapy.Actaea is an active drug, acting in general somewhat like cimicifuga. In large doses it is emeto-cathartic, and s... / ...arising from derangement of the reproductive organs. Like cimicifuga it is useful in atonic indigestion of the nervous dyspepsia type. ¹

ÆSCULUS GLABRA
...out irritative cough, that is relieved by it. It is useful in intestinal irritability with the contractive colic-like pain centering in the umbilical region, probably dependent most largely upon hepat......en suggested as a spinal stimulant in paralysis. If so used it should be used like strychnine after active symptoms have ceased, and to stimulate the unimpaired nervous tissue. Aesculus deserves furth...¹

ALOE^ALOE
...or torpor and debility, and should not be given to plethoric persons, nor when gastro-enteritis, or actively inflamed hemorrhoids are present; nor when pregnancy exists. Therapy.Aloes, in 1/2 to 1 g......n, small doses of aloes or aloin may improve conditions, but it should never be given when there is active hemorrhoidal inflammation. In very small doses aloin is useful in rectal prolapsus, due to pe...¹

ANISUM (Pimpinella anisum)^PIAN3
The dried ripe fruit of Pimpinella Anisum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). Egypt and Western Asia; cultivated in Southern Europe. Dose, 5 to 40... / ...Ord. Magnoliaceae.). The botanical origin must be stated on the label. Oil of Anise is a highly refractive, colorless or lightyellow liquid, having the taste and odor of anise. It is freely dissolved ... / ...hot water is more agreeable and effective for older children and adults. The oil (1 to 5 drops) on sugar may be used by the latter, if desired. ¹

APOCYNUM CANNABINUM
...lar stimulant. Such results one would not expect to obtain if there were circulatory obstruction or active fever. The only apparent exception, in which it is adapted to active conditions, is that repo......eption, in which it is adapted to active conditions, is that reported by Webster of its efficacy in active inflammation of the upper pharyngeal and post-nasal tract, where, he declares, it rivals phyt...¹

ARNICA MONTANA
The dried flower-heads of Arnica montana, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). A perennial of Siberia and the cooler parts of Europe; also found in... / ...n grave constitutional symptoms. In this respect the alcoholic preparations of the flowers are most active, and for this reason full strength preparations should not be used upon the skin, nor as a ru...¹

ASAFOETIDA (Ferula fetida)
A gum-resin derived from the rhizome and rootlets of Ferula Asafetida, Linné; Ferula foetida, Regel, and other species of Ferula (Nat. Ord.... / ... the power to expectorate is weak. It is also an ideal sedative for the nervous cough following the active stage of whooping cough. It relieves the nervous irritability of dentition. On the whole asaf... / ...Asafetida is contraindicated by inflammation. It may be given in emulsion, tincture, or pill or capsule. ¹

ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
...n, or there is pungent heat of the skin with inclination to moisture, the pulse is usually full and active and even may be bounding, much as when veratrum is indicated. The face is flushed, there is, ......gun early, usually in association with other agents sure to be indicated, and continued through the active stage; and if a dry cough persists it should still be continued and used freely. There is no ...¹

BAPTISIA
The recent root and leaves of Baptisia tinctoria, Robert Brown (Nat. Ord. Leguminosae), a perennial shrub-like plant, indigenous to North... / ...n. Baptitoxine is identical with cystisine, ulexine, and sophorine, toxic principles found in other active plants, and resembles sparteine in its action upon the heart. Preparations.1. Decoctum Bapt... / ...healing of the ulcerated surfaces. In all of the local disorders mentioned, baptisia should be given internally as well as applied locally.¹

BERBERIS VULGARIS
The bark of the root and the berries of Berberis vulgaris, Linné (Nat. Ord. Berberidaceae). Europe, Asia, and the United... / ... Common Names: Barberry, Common Barberry. Principal Constituents.Berberine (see Hydrastis) is the active alkaloid; others are oxyacanthine and berbamine. The berries contain malic acid. Preparation.... / ...occasioned by the presence of calculi, small doses may be given when there is burning and soreness and excess of mucus in the urinary tract.¹

BRYONIA
The root of Bryonia dioica, Jacquin, and Bryonia alba, Linné (Nat. Ord. Cucurbitaceae.) Europe. Common Names: Bryony, Bastard Turnip, Devil's... / ...ip, etc. Principal Constituents.Probably a colorless, very bitter glucoside, bryonin is the chief active body in bryonia. Preparation.Specific Medicine Bryonia. Dose, 1/20 to 5 drops. Usual method... / ...its origin in irritation or erethism. Tensive or sharp pains are almost always present, and the secretion, if there is any, is small in quantit¹

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus speciesMM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...che; vaso-motor spasms. Action.Cactus impresses the sympathetic nervous system, and is especially active in its power over the cardiac plexus. In sufficiently large doses it acts as an intense irrit... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to¹

CALUMBA (Jateorhiza palmata)^JAPA2
The root of Jateorhiza palmata (Lamarck), Miers (Nat. Ord. Menispermaceae). A climbing perennial, the Kalumb of the Southeast coast of Africa.... / ...f desire for food and poor digestion, with pain or without pain, immediately upon eating. After the active stage of cholera morbus, cholera infantum, acute diarrhoea, and dysentery it may be given to ... / ...local action, and indirectly, by favoring better digestion, the quality of the blood is improved, hence its value in anemia during convalescence.¹

CAMBOGIA
A gum-resin obtained from Garcinia Hanburii, Hooker filius (Nat. Ord. Guttiferae). Siam, Cochin-China, and Cambodia. Dose, 1 to 3 grains. Common... / ... where dropsical conditions prevail and it is desired to treat them by purgation. It is exceedingly active and has caused death by gastroenteritis. Full doses should never be given, but repeated small...¹

CANNABIS
The dried flowering tops of the female plant of Cannabis sativa, Linné, or the variety indica, Lamarck (Nat. Ord. Cannabinaceae). Asia, East... / ...an plant. Principal Constituents.Not well determined. The following have been noted: Cannabin, an active brown resin, and cannabinon, a soft resin. Preparation.Specific Medicine Cannabis. Dose, 1/... / ...of the urino-genital tract and relieves pain. For the first condition it is invaluable in more or less painful conditions in which opium see¹

Physician's Materia Medica on Active

ACONITE
The tuber, also the leaves (unoflicial) of ACONITU M NAPELLUs, Lin. Actively poisonous. A powerful cardiac depressant acting thus as an arterial sedative; paralyzes sensory nerves and depresses respiratory centers. Used chiefly for its antipyretic effect and in treatment of neuralgia, rheumatism and cardiac hypertrophy; local ly, in liniments, for relief of pain. Dose, 0.015 to 0.12 Grm. (% to 2 grs.).²

ACON ITINE
Alkaloid derived from Acomrom Nnrermos, L., having the same medicinal properties as Aconite itself. Dose, 0.00015 to 0.0006 Grm. (1400 to 1-100 gr.). [Only crystallized Acnnitine Nitraté should be used. The amorphous or “mild” Aconitine is much less active and not uniform in strength.]²

ADONIS VERNALIS (False Hellebore)
The herb of ADONIS VERNALIS, Lin. Cardiac tonic and diure tic, resembling in its action Digitalis but not liable to produce cumu lative effects. Uses the same as those of Digitalis. Dose, according to Botkin, 0.2 to 0.6 Grm. (3 to 10 grs.), but smaller doses, e. g. 0.06 to 0.12 Grm. (1 to 2 grs.). are commonly given. The active principle is the glucoside adonidin, of which the dose is stated to be 0.004 to 0.016 Grm. (1 16 to % gr.), but this seems large.²

AGARIC (White Agaric)
The fungus, POLYPORUs OFFICINALIs, Fries. Suppresses secre tions of skin and lacteal glands. Used chiefly to relieve night sweats. In large doses, cathartic. The active principle is agaricin, which is given in doses of 0.016 to 0.06 Grm. ( % to 1 gr.).²

ALCOHOL
The stimulant most often used and perhaps also most often mis used. The indication for its use is depressed cardiac action, whether due to shock or to lowered vitality. Alcoholic drinks, vinous or malt ed, serve a good purpose also in some cases in promoting appetite and aiding digestion, but they cannot be prescribed indiscriminately for these effects. As active stimulants whiskey or brandy are most e lcient; gin may be prescribed when a diuretic action is desired; brandy in small doses may rel²

ALKAL-ANTISEPTINE
A pleasantly aromatic liquid having an alkaline reaction and serving as an efficient antiseptic and germicide although not pois onous to the human subject. It differs from Antiseptine, q. v. in that it contains glycerin and is distinctly alkaline. Its chief active constituents are Thymol, Eucalyptol, Menthol, Sodium Borate and Sodium Benzoate. Internally it may be given in teaspoonful doses as a gastric and intestinal antiseptic with antacid properties, but it is much more commonly used locally ²

ALOIN
The active principle of Aloes, preferable to the crude drug be cause nearly free from odor and much less disagreeable in taste. Dose as a laxative, 0.015 to 0.03 Grm. (% to % .gr.); as a cathartic, 0.06 to 0.13 Grm. (1 to 2 grs.).²

AMMONIUM CARBONATE
An active cardiac and general stimulant; antacid. Valuable in adynamic fevers, in capillary bronchitis and in some forms of dyspep sia. Dose, as expectorant, 0.13 to 0.20 Grm. (2 to 3 grs.); as stimulant 0.3 to0.6 Grm. (5 to 10 grs.), repeated every hour.²

APIOL
Active constituent of PARsLEY, q. v. A valuable emmenagogue. Dose, 0.12 to 0.5 c. c. (2 to 8 I11), three times a day.²

ARSENIC
An active irritant poison. In small doses a powerful alterative. tonic, hematinic and antiperiodic. Prescribed in chronic cutaneous diseases, secondary syphilis, chorea, neuralgia and malarial fevers. a. Arsenous Bromide. Has been used especially in diabe tes. Dose, 0.0015 to 0.006 Grm. (1-40 to 1-10 gr.). b. Arsenous Chloride. Dose, 0.002 to 0.004 Grm. (1-30 to 1-15 am). For formulas see in Part II, Alteratives ( a) and Tonics (i). c. Arslenous iodide. Particularly useful in syphilis and obstin²

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Active

BALANITIS
Keep parts clean by frequent bathing in pure water; to disinfect use solution boric acid, 1%; silver nitrate, 2 gr. to fl. o2.; Iodosyl oint ment, 6% ; carbolic acid, 1.5%; potassium permanganate, 1 gr. to fl, oz. If there is active inflammation apply lotion of lead water. For dust ing powder zinc oleate, Iodosyl or zinc oxide.²

BLEPHARITIS
Remove crusts by careful use of a solution of sodium borate (8 grs. to fl. oz.), then apply Iodosyl ointment (6 per cent.) or a dilute oint ment of yellow oxide of mercury (1 gr. to drm.) or an ointment con taining in each drachm 2 grs. of precipitated sulphur and 1.5 grs. of resorcin. For accompanying conjunctivitis, eye drops containing boric acid or sodium borate. Correct refractive errors if present.²

BRONCHITIS
In the incipient stage, quinine with a little Dover powder and a laxative may ward off the attack. If... / In the incipient stage, quinine with a little Dover powder and a laxative may ward off the attack. If inflammatory action is estab lished, active diaphoretics (the hot foot bath, hot lemonade witliwa little whiskey, Dover powder, chamomile tea or other hot infusion), yconite if required f...²

CALCULI, BILIARY
Relieve pain by hypodermatic injection of morphine and atropine and by cautious inhalations of... / ... a pint, to which 30 to 60 minims of ether may be added). Treat patient 1st by attention to diet, which should be largely vegetable, 2nd by exercise, active and passive (horseback riding, massage over hypochondrium), 3rd by medication; sodium salicylate, benzoate, succinate or phosphate, alkaline mi...²

CATARRH, NASAL (See also Coryza)
Chronic Nasal Catarrh in our climate is an intractable affection. In mild cases Alkal-Antiseptine, well diluted with water and ap plied twice daily by aid of the little douche that accompanies it, is all the treatment needed. Application of Iodosyl once daily has a most happy effect. Tonics are often indicated. Atrophic Nasal Catarrh calls for use of more active antiseptics and a stimulating treatment, silver nitrate, iodine and hydrogen peroxide being the most useful remediés.²

CONJUNCTIVITIS
In simple acute Conjunctivitis, boric acid, 10 grs. to the oz.’ in camphor water, or sodium... / ...tal; applications several times a day of hot water containing a little salt. Purulent Conjunctivitis calls for frequent cleansing and appli cation of active germicides (boric acid in saturated solution, mercuric chloride 1l8000, formaldehyd, 13000) with leeches to temples for in flammation; silver n...²

DROPSY
General treatment depends on the cause, which may be in disease of the heart, of the kidneys or less commonly of the liver. For im mediate relief prescribe active diuretics if the st ate of the kidneys permits, the most eflicient being Tonic Pilocarpine Compound; digi talis, canadian hemp, squill (these acting primarily on the circula tion), or hydragogue cathartics, elaterium. compound jalap powder, magnesium sulphate (in concentrated solution) are efficient remedies.²

MENORRHAGIA AND METRORRHAGIA
If hemorrhage is active, ergot is the best remedy, if passive. oil of erigeron (3 m5 minim doses) has the preference. Fluid extract cinnamon is a favorite remedy with some; Elixir Viburnum Com pound, N., B. & Co., is efficient; cannabis indica, black haw, witch hazel (distilled extract) and bromides of potassium and sodium are all useful.²

OBESITY
Regulate the diet, withholding fatty, saccharine and starchy food to a large extent; as remedies, prescribe saline waters, e. g. Kis singen and Vichy on alternate days (the Effervescing Granules are convenient) or sodium phosphate; fluid extract bladder-wrack; ex tract thyroid gland; Turkish baths; suitable exercise, active or passive.²

PLEURITIS
General treatment for inflammation. Locally apply Glycero plasma, which is particularly useful... / ... In the early stage simply strapping the chest, to relieve pain, is bet ter. To remove effusion, salicylic acid or saline or hydragogue cathartics or active diuretics such as Tonic Pilocarpine Compound. N., B. & Co.; application to chest of tincture iodine or a mixture of the tincture with glycerin,...²

TAPE-WORM
The most eficient remedies are pomegranate bark, best the active principle, pelletierine; pumpkin seeds, given in an emulsion, and male fern. especially the oleoresin. This last should be followed by a purgative dose of calomel—not, in any case by castor oil.²

References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.

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