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Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the airways that carry air to your lungs. It causes a cough that often brings up mucus. It can also cause shortness of breath, wheezing, a low fever, and chest tightness. There are two main types of bronchitis: acute and chronic.

Most cases of acute bronchitis get better within several days. But your cough can last for several weeks after the infection is gone.

The same viruses that cause colds and the flu often cause acute bronchitis. These viruses spread through the air when people cough, or though physical contact (for example, on unwashed hands). Being exposed to tobacco smoke, air pollution, dusts, vapors, and fumes can also cause acute bronchitis. Less often, bacteria can also cause acute bronchitis.

To diagnose acute bronchitis, your health care provider will ask about your symptoms and listen to your breathing. You may also have other tests.

Treatments include rest, fluids, and aspirin (for adults) or acetaminophen to treat fever. A humidifier or steam can also help. You may need inhaled medicine to open your airways if you are wheezing. Antibiotics won't help if the cause is viral. You may get antibiotics if the cause is bacterial.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Bronchitis FDA Approved Drugs

ANORO ELLIPTA [Umeclidinium BromideC29H34NO2Br : Vilanterol TrifenatateC24H33Cl2NO5C20H16O2]
RX
-
eq 0.0625mg base/inh : eq 0.025mg base/inh (inhalation powder)
GlaxosmithklineDec 18, 2013
  • Indicated for the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema..
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

ARCAPTA NEOHALER [Indacaterol MaleateC24H28N2O3C4H4O4]
RX
-
eq 75mcg base (inhalation powder)
Sunovion Pharms IncJul 1, 2011
  • The long term, once-daily maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

BREO ELLIPTA [Fluticasone FuroateC27H29F3O6S : Vilanterol TrifenatateC24H33Cl2NO5C20H16O2]
RX
-
0.1mg/inh : eq 0.025mg base/inh (inhalation powder)
0.2mg/inh : eq 0.025mg base/inh (inhalation powder)
Glaxo Grp LtdMay 10, 2013
  • For the long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with copd, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema, also to reduce exacerbations of copd in patients with a history of exacerbations.
  • Indicated for long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in pts with copd, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema, also to reduce exacerbations of copd in pts with a history of exacerbations.
  • Indicated for the once-daily inhaled treatment for asthma in adults aged 18 years and older.
  • Long-term, once daily maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in pts with copd, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema, also to reduce exacerbations of copd in patients with a history of exacerbations.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

BROVANA [Arformoterol TartrateC19H24N2O4C4H6O6]
RX
-
eq 0.015mg base/2ml (inhalation solution)
SunovionOct 6, 2006
  • For the long term treatment, twice daily (morning and evening) maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

DALIRESP [RoflumilastC17H14Cl2F2N2O3]
RX
-
500mcg (oral tablet)
Astrazeneca PharmsFeb 28, 2011
  • Treatment to reduce the risk of copd exacerbations in patients with severe copd associated with chronic bronchitis and a history of exacerbations.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

INCRUSE ELLIPTA [Umeclidinium BromideC29H34NO2Br]
RX
-
eq 62.5mcg base/inh (inhalation powder)
Glaxo Grp EnglandApr 30, 2014
  • Indicated for the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema..
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

SPIRIVA [Tiotropium Bromide]
RX
-
eq 0.018mg base/inh (inhalation powder)
Boehringer IngelheimJan 30, 2004
  • Administration of an inhalable powder comprising tiotropium via device.
  • For the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
  • Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

SPIRIVA RESPIMAT [Tiotropium Bromide]
RX
-
eq 0.00125mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
eq 0.0025mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimSep 15, 2015
  • Maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with copd, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and reduction of exacerbations in copd patients..
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

STRIVERDI RESPIMAT [Olodaterol HydrochlorideC21H26N2O5ClH]
RX
-
eq 0.0025mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimJul 31, 2014
  • Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), chronic bronchitis or emphysema.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

TUDORZA PRESSAIR [Aclidinium BromideC26H30NO4S2Br]
RX
-
0.4mg/inh (inhalation powder, metered)
Astrazeneca PharmsJul 23, 2012
  • Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) or chronic bronchitis.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Bronchitis

ASAFOETIDA (Ferula fetida)
   A gum-resin derived from the rhizome and rootlets of Ferula Asafetida, Linné; Ferula foetida, Regel, and other species of Ferula (Nat. Ord.... / ...tive upon the lower bowel. Owing to its expectorant qualities it is occasionally serviceable in the bronchitis of the aged, in which secretion is free but the power to expectorate is weak. It is also ... / ...or tardy or imperfect menstruation. Asafetida is contraindicated by inflammation. It may be given in emulsion, tincture, or pill or capsule. 1

ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
   ...With the conditions named asclepias is of the very greatest value in acute coryza, la grippe, acute bronchitis, pleuro-pneumonia, and pneumonia, both catarrhal and croupous. Its use should be begun ea......or bryonia, or both, and in any case it will enhance the value of these agents. In pneumonia and in bronchitis asclepias is best adapted to the acute stage, where the lesions seem to be extensive, tak...1

ASPIDOSPERMA
   The dried bark of Aspidosperma Quebracho-blanco, Schlechtendal (Nat. Ord. Apocynaceae). An evergreen tree of Chili and the Argentine Republic.... / ...e action of the heart. It is used in cardiac and renal asthma, emphysema, the dyspnoea of capillary bronchitis and of chronic pneumonia, advanced bronchitis, phthisis, bronchial asthma and uncomplicat...1

COLLINSONIA
   The fresh root and plant of Collinsonia canadensis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Labiatae.) Damp and rich soils of woods from Canada to Florida. Common... / ...able in other forms of laryngitis, with congestion or hyperaemia of the vocal apparatus, in chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, and aphonia, all depending upon irritation associated with veno... / ...disorder collinsonia is helpful, there is always a sense of weight and constriction, venous engorgement, dilated capillaries, and muscular atony.1

CORALLORHIZA
   The rhizome of Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nuttall. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods in eastern half of the United States. Dose, 1 drachm. Common... / ...t, copious, heavy expectoration, and general debility. For convalescence from such states and after bronchitis, la grippe, and pneumonia it is an ideal remedy. In those of a phthisical build-the hippo... / ...agent is too expensive to use for these purposes. It is to be regretted that its extreme scarcity makes corallorhiza an almost unobtainable drug.1

COPAIBACOOF2
   An oleoresin derived from species of Copaiba growing in South America. Dose, 5 to 30 drops. Description.—A viscid, pale-yellow or brownish-yellow... / ...ischarges after the subsidence of acute inflammation. For this purpose it is rarely used in chronic bronchitis, especially when coincident with a catarrhal condition of the bladder. It is of much valu...1

DROSERADRBE4
   The herb Drosera rotundifolia, Linné (Nat. Ord. Droseraceae). A small plant of the fly-trap family found in boggy situations of Eastern North... / ...tion in that organ giving rise to spasmodic cough. To a lesser extent it is useful in the coughs of bronchitis, incipient phthisis, spasmodic asthma, and in nervous or sympathetic cough occurring refl...1

ERECHTITES
   The entire plant and oil of Erechtites hieracifolia, Rafinesque (Nat. Ord. Compositae.) A rank weed throughout the United States. Common Name:... / ...enefits are those attacking the bronchial and renal mucosa, it being effective in relieving chronic bronchitis, pulmonic catarrhs with cough, and genito-urinary catarrh, pyelitis, and cystitis. It has...1

ERIODICTYON
   The dried leaves of Eriodictyon californicum (Hooker and Arnott), Greene (Nat. Ord. Hydrophyllaceae). A shrubby plant of California and northern... / ...l and renal tracts. It may be used where there is chronic cough with free secretions, as in chronic bronchitis, bronchorrhea, humid asthma, and the cough of phthisis. Some cases of chronic catarrh of...1

ERYNGIUM
   The rhizome of Eryngium yuccifolium, Michaux (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). A swamp and wet prairie plant found from Virginia to Texas. Dose, 10 to 40... / ...ties are those of a diuretic and expectorant. While of considerable value in chronic laryngitis and bronchitis with free and abundant secretion of muco-pus, it is of most service in irritation of the ... / ...gastric irritation and mucous diarrhoea. In these cases the tongue is red and tender, nausea is marked, and there is a strong for food.1

EUCALYPTUSEUAN12
   The leaves of Eucalyptus Globulus, Labillardiere. Collected from the older parts of the tree. (Nat. Ord. Myrtaceae.) A native tree of Australia;... / ...trains discharges, facilitates expectoration, and deodorizes and antisepticizes the sputum. Chronic bronchitis, bronchorrhea, and the debility, with difficult expectoration, lingering in the wake of b... / ...Used according to indications as given above, eucalyptus is a very satisfactory and pleasant medicine. It is best given in syrup or glycerin.1

EUPHORBIA PILULIFERA
   The whole plant Euphorbia pilulifera (Chamaesyce hirta), Linné (Nat. Ord. Euphorbiaceae). A plant of tropical climes and throughout the gulf... / ...xpectorant, and is asserted useful in the irritative, teasing, and paroxysmal coughs of the chronic bronchitis of old persons and consumptives. It is also said to relieve dyspnea of cardiac origin and...1

GALIUMGAPO3
   The herb Galium aparine, Linné, and other species of Galium (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Common in moist grounds in Europe and the United States. Common Names: Cleavers,... / ... Galium tinctoria is aromatic and has been recommended in the spasmodic cough of asthma and chronic bronchitis. The best use for these drugs is as diuretics.1

GRINDELIA
   The dried leaves and flowering tops of one or several species of Grindelia—as Grindelia camporum, Greene; or Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh), Dunal.... / ...e paroxysms of asthma, and in others apparently has no effect. It is useful in subacute and chronic bronchitis, especially in old persons, and in bronchorrhea and emphysema. Grindelia squarrosa is cr... / ...with gastric distress. The bitter taste of grindelia is best disguised by chloroform.1

IMPATIENS
   The plants Impatiens pallida, Nuttall; and Impatiens capensis, Meerb., (Nat. Ord. Balsaminaceae). Moist shady places and rich soils in the United... / ... Boil until but 8 ounces remain; add 1/2 pound of white sugar. This is especially useful in chronic bronchitis, with profuse excretion of mucus or muco-pus, and in the cough persisting after la grippe... / ...symptoms is concerned, is unquestioned, but so far we are skeptical concerning its power to destroy the tubercle bacillus within the body.1


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Materia Medica on Bronchitis

ACID BENZOIC
   Antiseptic; a stimulant expectorant; renders the urine acid, hence useful in chronic cystitis; said to be as efficient in rheumatism as Salicylic Acid. Used internally in chronic bronchitis and in later stages of gonorrhea. A constituent of Paregoric, q. v. Dose, as an expectorant 0.015 to 0.030 Grm. (% to % gr.), as an antilithic, 0.6 to 1.3 Grm. (10 to 20 grs.). Sodium or Lithium Benzoates are commonly used in urinary af fections in preference to the free acid. Sodium Benzoate is a solvent for2

AMBER OIL
   Counter-irritant, antispasmodic; used internally in persistent hicoough; externally employed in rheumatism, acute laryngitis and in infantile bronchitis (mixed with olive oil 1:3).2

AMMONIAC
   Gum resin from DOREMA AMMONIACUM, Don. Loc_a1lycount_er irritant, a constituent of “warming” plasters. Internally used as a stimulant expectorant in chronic bronchitis. Dose, 0.12 to 0.30 Grm. (2 to 5 grs.).2

AMMONIUM CARBONATE
   An active cardiac and general stimulant; antacid. Valuable in adynamic fevers, in capillary bronchitis and in some forms of dyspep sia. Dose, as expectorant, 0.13 to 0.20 Grm. (2 to 3 grs.); as stimulant 0.3 to0.6 Grm. (5 to 10 grs.), repeated every hour.2

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
   Stimulant expectorant, alterative, hepatic stimulant. Used es pecially in bronchitis, acute or chronic, in hepatic torpor and catar rhal jaundice, in neuralgias and as a resolvent in glandular enlarge ments. Dose, as expectorant, 0.13 to 0.6 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.); as hepa tic stimulant, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).2

ANGELICAANGEL
   The seed of ANenLIen ATROPURPUREA, Lin. (American Angelica) and the root of ANGELICA AncHANGELIen, Lin. (European Ange lica). Aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue. Used in flatulent colic, in chronic bronchitis and in dysmenorrhea.2

ARBOR VITAE
   The leafy twigs of THUJA OCCIDENTALIs, Lin. Antiperiodic, iebrifuge, emmenagogue, alterative, anthelmintlo, anti-scorbutic. Used locally as an antiseptic and stimulant wash for cancerous ul cerations; internally in malarial fevers, chronic bronchitis, scurvy and rheumatism.2

BENZOIN
   Balsamic resin from STYRAX BENZOIN, Dryander. Stimulant and expectorant, antiseptic, vulnerary. Used in chronic bronchitis and in catarrhal affections of the bowels. Externally applied for its healing effect on wounds, ulcers, etc.2

BRYONIA
   The root of BRYONIA ALBA, Lin. Hydragogue cathartic, irri. tant, emetic. Its principal use is in dropsy. It is prescribed also in chronic intermittent fever with enlargement of the spleen, in chronic bronchitis, in the early stage of whooping cough and in atonic dys pepsia.2

BUGLEWEED
   The herb LYcoPUs VIRGINICUs, Lin. Antispasmodic and mildly astringent. arterial sedative. Used in pulmonary hemorrhages. in chronic bronchitis and in cardiac affections, relieving palpitat on of the heart. 2


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Bronchitis

BRONCHITIS
   In the incipient stage, quinine with a little Dover powder and a laxative may ward off the attack. If inflammatory action is estab lished, active diaphoretics (the hot foot bath, hot lemonade witliwa little whiskey, Dover powder, chamomile tea or other hot infusion), yconite if required for fever, application to chest of Phenol Camphor; ipecac and potassium salts to promote secretion; inhalations of steam or of moisture-laden air. Later adapt remedies to condition of patient. As expectorants use...2

CORYZA
   Treat early stage as in acute bronchitis. The local congestion may be relieved by application of a 4 per cent. solution of cocaine, or a solution of suprarenal extract. Spray or vapor of camphor and menthol or use by inhaler of a little Phenol Camphor gives much relief. Alkal-Antiseptine with nasal douche is a useful remedy.2

INFLUENZA
   The remedies most prescribed in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control... / ...etanilid, often combined with salol, for their analgesic action; quinine salicylate, aspirin, salicylic acid; calomel followed by a saline purge. The bronchitis must be treated in the usual manner, avoid ing depressing agents such as tartar emetic. Cannabis indica is a safe sedative in these cases. ...2

LARYNGITIS
   General treatment the same as in acute bronchitis or coryza, As special remedies, inhalations of steam from water to which has been added compound tincture benzoin or Antiseptine or in later stages eucalyptol (a few drops) or menthol, or these latter may be mixed with albolene and used in spray. As local application, at first Glyceroplasma or Phenol Camphor (a few drops several times a day), later oil turpentine or tincture iodine as counter-irritant.2

PHARYNGITIS
   General treatment the same as ilr incipient bronchitis. Locally, use frequently as a gargle A ntiseptine or Alkal-antiseptine diluted with four to... / General treatment the same as ilr incipient bronchitis. Locally, use frequently as a gargle A ntiseptine or Alkal-antiseptine diluted with four to eight parts of hot water; paint the throat once... / ...applications of a solu tion of silver nitrate, or of bordglyceride or of glycerite of tannin are often useful; lozenges containing cubeb or menthol.2


References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.