Electrolytes are minerals that have an electric charge when they are dissolved in water or body fluids, including blood. The electric charge can be positive or negative. You have electrolytes in your blood, urine (pee), tissues, and other body fluids.
Electrolytes are important because they help:
Balance the amount of water in your body
Balance your body's acid/base (pH) level
Move nutrients into your cells
Move wastes out of your cells
Support your muscle and nerve function
Keep your heart rate and rhythm steady
Keep your blood pressure stable
Keep your bones and teeth healthy
What are the different types of electrolytes in your body?
The main electrolytes in your body include:
Bicarbonate, which helps maintain the body's acid and base balance (pH). It also plays an important role in moving carbon dioxide through the bloodstream.
Calcium, which helps make and keep bones and teeth strong.
Chloride, which also helps control the amount of fluid in the body. In addition, it helps maintain healthy blood volume and blood pressure.
Magnesium, which helps your muscles, nerves, and heart work properly. It also helps control blood pressure and blood glucose (blood sugar).
Phosphate, which works together with calcium to build strong bones and teeth.
Potassium, which helps your cells, heart, and muscles work properly.
Sodium, which helps control the amount of fluid in the body. It also helps your nerves and muscles work properly.
You get these electrolytes from the foods you eat and the fluids you drink.
What is an electrolyte imbalance?
An electrolyte imbalance means that the level of one or more electrolytes in your body is too low or too high. It can happen when the amount of water in your body changes. The amount of water that you take in should equal the amount you lose. If something upsets this balance, you may have too little water (dehydration) or too much water (overhydration). Some of the more common reasons why you might have an imbalance of the water in your body include:
Certain medicines
Severe vomiting and/or diarrhea
Heavy sweating
Heart, liver or kidney problems
Not drinking enough fluids, especially when doing intense exercise or when the weather is very hot
Drinking too much water
What are the different types of electrolyte imbalances?
The names of the different types of electrolyte imbalances are:
ElectrolyteToo lowToo highBicarbonateAcidosisAlkalosisCalciumHypocalcemiaHypercalcemiaChlorideHypochloremiaHyperchloremiaMagnesiumHypomagnesemiaHypermagnesemiaPhosphateHypophosphatemiaHyperphosphatemiaPotassiumHypokalemiaHyperkalemiaSodiumHyponatremiaHypernatremiaHow are electrolyte imbalances diagnosed?
A test called an electrolyte panel can check the levels of your body's main electrolytes. A related test, the anion gap blood test, checks whether your electrolytes are out of balance or if your blood is too acidic or not acidic enough.
What are the treatments for electrolyte imbalances?
The treatment for an electrolyte imbalance depends on which electrolytes are out of balance, if there is too little or too many, and what is causing the imbalance. In minor cases, you may just need to make some changes to your diet. In other cases, you may need other treatments. For example:
If you don't have enough of an electrolyte, you may get electrolyte replacement therapy. This involves giving you more of that electrolyte. It could be a medicine or supplement that you swallow or drink, or it may be given intravenously (by IV).
If you have too much of an electrolyte, your provider may give you medicines or fluids (by mouth or by IV) to help remove that electrolyte from your body. In severe cases, you may need dialysis to filter out the electrolyte.
ACHROMYCIN V [Tetracycline HydrochlorideC22H24N2O8ClH]
RX
-
250mg (oral capsule)
500mg (oral capsule)
Heritage PharmaApproved Prior To Jan 1, 1982
ACTOPLUS MET [Metformin HydrochlorideC4H11N5ClH : Pioglitazone HydrochlorideC19H20N2O3SClH]
RX
-
500mg : eq 15mg base (oral tablet)
850mg : eq 15mg base (oral tablet)
Takeda Pharms UsaAug 29, 2005
ACTOPLUS MET XR [Metformin HydrochlorideC4H11N5ClH : Pioglitazone HydrochlorideC19H20N2O3SClH]
RX
-
1gm : eq 15mg base (oral tablet, extended release)
1gm : eq 30mg base (oral tablet, extended release)
Takeda Pharms UsaMay 12, 2009
Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are already treated with pioglitazone and metformin or who have inadequate glycemic control on pioglitazone or metformin alone.
Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes who are already treated with a pioglitazone and metformin.
To reduce gastrointestinal side effects administer with a meal; as starting dose administer once daily with evening meal.
Method of reducing side effects of active components admin to a diabetic by admin a chemical compound having formula (incl pioglitazone) in combination with an insulin secretion enhancer.
A method of treating a patient suffering from a pain associated sleep disturbance comprising administering a liquid composition formulated inside a soft gel capsule, as claimed, to the patient.
A dosing regimen of aggrastat (tirofiban hydrochloride)(25mcg/kg followed by 0.15mcg/kg/min infusion) to reduce the rate of thrombotic coronary events associated with acute coronary syndrome (acs) in patients with non-st elevation acs.
Relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in children 2 to 11 years and for the relief of symptoms associated with uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria in children 6 months to 11 years.
Relief of symptoms associated with respiratory allergies and for the relief of symptoms associated with hives (urticaria) in adults and children 6 years of age and older and 12 years of age and older.
Relief of symptoms associated with respiratory allergies and for the relief of symptoms associated with hives (urticaria) in adults and children 6 years of age and older and 12 years of age and older.
Relief of symptoms associated with respiratory allergies, swelling of the nasal passages and sinus congestion and pressure in adults and children 12 years of age and older.
Relief of symptoms associated with respiratory allergies, swelling of the nasal passages and sinus congestion and pressure in adults and children 12 years of age and older.
WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for reference only. Many of these treatments may be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field. The owner of this website will not be held liable for any injuries and deaths cause by following any home remedies. We have no control of what is posted.
Home Remedies for Chloride
TOE NAIL FUNGUS [Onychomycosis] The only real "cure" is taking Lamisil (terbinafine hydrochloride) tablets prescribed by a doctor. The longer durations (at weaker doses) allow the nail to grow out. However, this medication can damage your liver. Once the initial infection is under control, brush Vicks Vaporub (or generic) under and around the nail with a toothbrush twice a day to reduce the chance of coming back.Sleslie | July 26th, 2021
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Chloride
BUCHU (Barosma)AGBE2 The dried leaves of (1) Barosma betulina (Thunberg), Bartling and Wendland, or of
(2) Barosma serratifolia (Curtis), Willdenow. (Nat. Ord.... / ...e a popular fad, is really of service. Rx Specific Medicine Barosma,
3 1/2 fluidounces; Tincture of Chloride of Iron, 1/2 fluidounce. Mix.
Sig.: One teaspoonful 4 times a day in a wineglassful of infu... / ...depositing a
brownish precipitate. It should never be used in acute disorders.2
DUBOISINA The alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Duboisia myoporoides, Robert
Brown (Nat. Ord. Myoporaceae), the Corkwood elm or Ngmoo of
Australia and... / ...Sulphas, Duboisine Sulphate. Dose, 1/100
to 1/50 grain.
2. Duboisina Hydrochloridum, Duboisine Hydrochloride. Dose,
1/100 to 1/50 grain.
Action and Therapy.External. The sulphate of this alkaloid is... / ...especially vomiting without previous
nausea, and undoubtedly decreases the secretion of urine, hence it
should be used with care and judgment.2
GLYCERINUM Glycerin, Glycerol.
A liquid composed most largely of a trihydric alcohol (C3H5(OH)3) obtained by the
processes of hydrolysis and distillation of... / ...ioned impetigo, lichen,
porrigo, psoriasis, pityriasis, herpes, and tinea versicolor (with
mercuric chloride) and other parasitic affections.
Glycerin (diluted) is one of the best agents to soften har... / ...A 5 per cent
solution of phenol in glycerin upon cotton may be used for insertion
into the aural canal after rupture of the membrana tympani wh2
GLYCYRRHIZA The dried rhizome and roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra typica, Regel et Herder (Spanish
Licorice), or of Glycyrrhiza glabra glandulifera, Regel et... / ...ness of cascara, quinine, aloes, quassia,
the acridity of senega, guaiac, and the taste of ammonium chloride and
sodium salicylate are more or less masked by the fluidextract. Licorice
root is an ingr...2
HYDRASTISHYDRA2 ...hol. Dose, 1/12 to 1/3 gr.; average dose, 1/6 grain.
7. Hydrastinae Hydrochloridum, Hydrastine Hydrochloride (Hydrastine
Chloride). White or cream-colored powder, odorless, hygroscopic, very soluble i......ose, 1/12 to 1/3 grain; average dose, 1/6 grain.
8. Hydrastininae Hydrochloridum, Hydrastinine Hydrochloride (Hydrastinine
Chloride). Odorless, light-yellow crystals or powder, very soluble in water a...2
OPIUM The milky exudate, air dried, obtained by incising unripe capsules of the growing plant Papaveris somniferum, Linné; and its variety, album, De... / ...inary solvents. Dose, 1/12to 1/4 grain (average, 1/8 grain). Morphine Hydrochloridum, Morphine Hydrochloride (Morphine Chloride). Permanent
and odorless silky needles, or cubical masses or crystalline... / ...filaments, benumbing them against pain,
and finally the motor nerves come under its depressing power. While the exact cause of its pain-relieving2
PILOCARPUSPILOC The dried leaflets of (1) Pilocarpus Jaborandi, Holmes; or (2) Pilocarpus microphyllus, Stapf (Nat. Ord. Rutaceae). Brazil and Paraguay. Dose, 20... / ...Medicine Jaborandi. Dose, 1 to 60 drops.
Derivatives.Pilocarpina Hydrochloridum, Pilocarpine Hydrochloride. Translucent, colorless and odorless crystals of a feebly bitter taste;
hygroscopic in th... / ...bronchial and lachrimal flow. The saliva contains
an abundance of ptyalin and salts and readily converts starch into sugar. At times the mucous 2
VIBURNUM PRUNIFOLIUMVIPR2 The dried bark of the root of Viburnum prunifolium, Linné. The U.S.P. admits the
dried bark of this and also of the Viburnum Lentago, Linné, or... / ...sh-yellow, bitter, viburnin,
valeric acid, tannic acid, citrates, malates, oxalates, sulphates, and chlorides of
calcium, magnesium potassium, and iron.
Preparations.1. Specific Medicine Black Haw. ...2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Chloride
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE Stimulant expectorant, alterative, hepatic stimulant. Used es
pecially in bronchitis, acute or chronic, in hepatic torpor and catar
rhal jaundice, in neuralgias and as a resolvent in glandular enlarge
ments. Dose, as expectorant, 0.13 to 0.6 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.); as hepa
tic stimulant, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).3
ARSENIC An active irritant poison. In small doses a powerful alterative.
tonic, hematinic and antiperiodic. Prescribed in chronic cutaneous
diseases, secondary syphilis, chorea, neuralgia and malarial fevers.
a. Arsenous Bromide. Has been used especially in diabe
tes. Dose, 0.0015 to 0.006 Grm. (1-40 to 1-10 gr.).
b. Arsenous Chloride. Dose, 0.002 to 0.004 Grm. (1-30 to 1-15
am).
For formulas see in Part II, Alteratives ( a) and Tonics (i).
c. Arslenous iodide. Particularly useful in syphilis and
obstin3
BARIUM CHLORIDE Cardiac stimulant, increasing blood pressure and slowing and
rendering steady the pulse. Dose, 0.03 to 0.06 Grm. (% to 1 gr.).3
BERBERINE (Hydrastin) Alkaloid from GOLDEN-SEAL and some other related plants. Bit
ter tonic, hepatic stimulant, antiperiodic. The Hydrochloride is the
salt most used. The sulphate and phosphate have' identical proper
ties, and have the advantage of being more soluble. Dose of either,
0.06 to 0.25 Grm. (1 to 4 grs.).3
CHLORODYNE A popular combination of anodynes much used for relief of colic,
cholera morbus and spasmodic pains in general. Each fluidrachm
contains; Morphine Hydrochloride, 3-8 gr.; Tincture Cannabis
Indica 11 1/4 M; Acid Hydrocyanic, diluted, 1 1/8 M; Chloroform, 5 3/4 M];
Oil Peppermint, 3-16 M; Tincture Capsicum, §/3 Ill. Dose for an
adult, 0.3 to 1.0 c. c. (5 to 15 M), repeated in % to 1 hour when necessary to control pain.3
COCAINE Alkaloid derived from COCA LEAVES. A powerful local anesthet
ic. Prescribed for relief of nausea and gastralgia, and for its local
action in affections of the throat, in hay fever and in hemorrhoids.
Dose, 0.008 to 0.03 Grm. (% to % gr.) or more. The Hydrochloride is
the salt commonly used.3
ETHYL CHLORIDE (Kelene) An exceedingly volatile liquid, used sometimes by inhalation to
produce transient general anesthesia, more frequently in form of a
spray to produce local anesthesia by freezing.3
HYDRASTININE Derivative alkaloid from HYDRASTINE which it closely resembles
in medicinal action. The hydrochloride is official in the U. S. P., 1890.
Dose, 0.01 to 0.03 Grm. (1-6 to 1/2 gr.).3
METHYLENE BLUE Chemical name Tetramethylthionine Hydrochloride. Antiseptic,
antiperiodic; useful in the treatment of gonorrhea and chronic affec
tions of the genito-urinary tract, and in rheumatism.3
PILOCARPINE Alkaloid obtained from the leaves of various species of PILOCARPUS,
and representing their medicinal activity. see Jaborandi. The
alkaloid may be used to advantage in all cases where jaborandi is
beneficial, and has besides in a remarkable degree the power of con
tracting the pupil of the eye when applied locally. Solutions contain
ing 1 to 4 grains to the fluidounce of the hydrochloride are much used
by ophthalmologists for their myotic effect and to relieve intraocular
tension, Dose, 0.001 to 3
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Chloride
ANEURISM When accessible, treat by pressure and other surgical procedures.
Rest in bed and freedom from excitement are essential in any... / ...rol heart action. For pain, opiates, morphine com
bined with chloral or croton chloral; chlorodyne. To favor formation
of clots, gallic acid, calcium chloride, subcutaneous injections of steril
ized gelatin solution or of iron salts.3
ASTHMA For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium
or henbane leaves with nitre and a... / ...ipyrin may give relief
or inhalations of oxygen; if of nasal origin application to nasal mu
cous membrane of a six per cent. solution of cocaine hydrochloride,
See that all hygienic conditions are favorable.
For general treatment, tonics, especially strychnine; grindelia,
euphorbia pilulifera; iodid...3
BRONCHITIS ...salts to promote secretion; inhalations of steam
or of moisture-laden air.
Later adapt remedies to condition of patient. As expectorants
use ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, lobelia, senega, etc.,
combining these with henbane, heroine or codeine to allay excessive
cough. As case progresses, us...... oi
sandalwood, eucalyptol and similar remedies. Eucalyptol in spray
or by inhalation is very eflicient.
When there is hypersecretion, avoid ammonium chloride and use
belladonna, strychnine and counter-irritation.3
BRUISES Distilled Extract Witch Hazel, Tincture Arnica, Glyceroplasma
to reduce swelling, solution of ammonium chloride in diluted alcohol.3
CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER Remedies especially valuable are; ammonium chloride, potas
sium iodide, sodium phosphate, nitro-muriatic acid, Solution Gold and
Arsenic Bromide, N., B. & Co.3
CONJUNCTIVITIS ...ilar strength; silver nit rate,
2 to 5 firs. to the oz.; in more severe cases a stronger solution of silver
nitrate (10 grs. to the oz.) or mercuric chloride, 1;10.000; zinc sulph
ate, 1 to 2 grs. to the oz. In chronic conjunctivitis, solution of tannin
H in glycerin and camphor water, 10 grs. to t......a little salt.
Purulent Conjunctivitis calls for frequent cleansing and appli
cation of active germicides (boric acid in saturated solution, mercuric
chloride 1l8000, formaldehyd, 13000) with leeches to temples for in
flammation; silver nitrate, 15 grs. to fl. oz.; Iodosyl in powder; instilla
tions ...3
COUCH For a dry cough, ipecac and ammonium chloride are the best
remedies; for spasmodic cough, chloroform, bromoform, hydrocyanic
acid; for irritative cough, henbane, heroine, codeine, morphine; for
chronic cough, terpin hydrate, terebene, benzoic acid.3
CYSTITIS In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi
tories (or hot rectal injections) of belladonna or extract opium,... / ...nate (or citrate) when urine is excessively acid; ben
zoic acid, boric acid or urotropin when it is alkaline; irrigation of the
bladder with mercuric chloride, 1;10,000 or silver nitrate, 1;2500 is
sometimes the best treatment.3
DIARRHEA See also Cholera Infantum, Cholera Morbus and Dysentery.
Simple Atonic Diarrhea is best treated... / ...lphate or castor oil, give at first perhaps opium combined with lead
acetate, or simple mineral acids, particularly the nitromuriatic; later
ammonium chloride and potassium iodide.
Chronic Diarrhea calls for general roborant treatment, carefully
regulated diet, quiet with use of counter-irritants ov...3
DIPHTHERIA AND MEMBRANOUS CROUP Isolate the patient and watch carefully all children who may
have been exposed. In every case... / ...hydrogen
is most satisfactory. Loefl1er’s solution (menthol, 100 grs. dissolved
in 6 fluidrachms toluol, with addition of 40 minims solution ferric
chloride and 10 fluidrachms absolute alcohol) is preferred by some. As
tonics, tincture ferric chloride, quinine and strychnine are of service,
and st...3
DYSENTERY The most useful remedies in acute cases are; magnesium sul
phate (drachm doses of a saturated solution, with aromatic sulphuric
acid); calomel in full cathartic dose; ipecac in large doses, combimxi
with opium to restrain vomiting; ergot for its antihemorrhagic action.
Irrigation of the bowel with mercuric chloride (l;5000) or silver nitrate
(12500) or zinc sulphocarbolate (l;l000) is useful in chronic cases.3
ERYSIPELAS Antipyretic remedies as indicated; tincture ferric chloride,
30minims four times a day, internally; locally Iodosyl ointmen
ichthyol ora combination of ichthyol with resorcin; applications ol
solutions of picric acid (3 grs. to the fl. oz.) or, as recommended by
Higginbottom, silver nitrate (120 grs. to the fl. oz.). Antistreptococclc serum.3
FRECKLES A lotion of mecuric chloride, 3 grs., milk of almonds, 4 fl. ozs., ap
plied night and morning is aneflicient remedy; boric acid in saturat
ed aqueous solution; a solution of zinc sulphocarbolate, 5 grs. to the
fl. oz.; a lotion of rose water and glycerin with zinc oxide and a little
ammoniated mercury; hydrogen peroxide.3
GONORRHEA Free irrigation twice a day with a hot solution of potassium per
manganate (1 grain increased gradually to 3 grs. to the pint);
Iodosyl Pencils, with internal use of Ze-an; injections of silver nitrate
or protargol, zinc acetate, mercuric chloride. Internally copaiba, oil
sandalwood, cubeb. Treatment for acute gonorrhea should be con
tinued until gonococci have completely disappeared.3
References
1) . 2) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio. 3) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
