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What is an aortic aneurysm?
An aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in the wall of an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to other parts of your body. Most aneurysms occur in the aorta, the main artery that runs from the heart through the chest and abdomen.
If an aneurysm grows large, it can burst (rupture) or cause a tear in the artery wall (dissection). Both can lead to bleeding inside the body and be life-threatening.
What are the types of aortic aneurysms?There are two types of aortic aneurysm:
- Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) occur in the part of the aorta that runs through your abdomen (belly). This is the most common type.
- Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) occur in the part of the aorta that runs through your chest.
Aortic aneurysms develop when the aortic wall weakens over time. Sometimes the exact cause is unknown. Possible causes may include:
- Atherosclerosis (a buildup of fat and other substances in the arteries)
- Injury to the aorta
- Certain infections, such as syphilis
- Certain genetic conditions
Factors that may increase your risk of an aortic aneurysm include:
- Smoking
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Family history of aneurysms
- Being male (higher risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm)
- Older age (higher risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm)
- Being white (higher risk for abdominal aortic aneurysm)
Most aortic aneurysms don't cause symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they may depend on where the aneurysm is and whether it has become large enough to affect other parts of your body. Possible symptoms may include:
- Painful or difficulty swallowing
- A pulsing or throbbing feeling in your abdomen (belly)
- Pain in the neck, jaw, back, chest, shoulder, or abdomen (belly)
- Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
- Swelling of the face, neck, or arms
If an aneurysm breaks open it is called a rupture. A ruptured aortic aneurysm can cause sudden, severe internal bleeding and is a medical emergency. Call 911 right away if you have:
- Sudden, severe pain in your abdomen (belly), chest, or back
- Dizziness
- A fast heartbeat
A health care provider may find aneurysms during tests done for other health issues. To check for an aortic aneurysm, your provider may:
- Do a physical exam
- Order imaging tests such as an ultrasound, to find or measure an aneurysm
- Order a CT scan, or MRI scan for more details about the shape or location of an aneurysm
- Order an echocardiogram to check the size of the aneurysm and the thoracic aorta, which is close to the heart
Because aneurysms often don't cause symptoms, screening is important if you are at higher risk. Talk to your provider to see whether screening is right for you. In general, screening for an aortic aneurysm is usually done with an ultrasound.
Screening for an abdominal aortic aneurysm is recommended for:
- Men 65 to 75 years old who have smoked or have a close relative with an aortic aneurysm
- Men 65 to 75 years old who have never smoked but have other risk factors, such as family history, other aneurysms, or coronary artery disease
- Men and women older than 75 years old who have smoked or have a close relative with an aneurysm
- People with peripheral artery disease may also need screening
Your provider may recommend screening for a thoracic aortic aneurysm if you have:
- A close relative with a thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Certain genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, or Turner syndrome
Treatment for an aortic aneurysm depends on its size and how fast it's growing. The treatment options may include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, and surgery.
- Small aneurysms are often monitored with regular imaging tests and treated with medicines to manage blood pressure and cholesterol
- Large or fast-growing aneurysms often require surgery to reduce the risk of rupture
You may not be able to prevent an aortic aneurysm, but you can lower your risk by:
- Not smoking (or quitting smoking)
- Managing your blood pressure and cholesterol
- Eating a heart-healthy diet
- Getting regular physical activity
- Managing stress
- Knowing your family history and asking your provider about screening
NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
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BROMOCRIPTINE MESYLATE [Bromocriptine MesylateC32H40BrN5O5CH4O3S]
RX
- eq 2.5mg base (oral tablet)
eq 5mg base (oral capsule)
MylanSep 24, 2004
Paddock LlcOct 1, 2008
Sandoz IncJan 13, 1998
Zydus Pharms Usa IncJul 30, 2008
Paddock LlcOct 1, 2008
Sandoz IncJan 13, 1998
Zydus Pharms Usa IncJul 30, 2008
CYCLOSET [Bromocriptine MesylateC32H40BrN5O5CH4O3S]
RX
- eq 0.8mg base (oral tablet)
VeroscienceMay 5, 2009
- Administration once daily within two hours after waking in the morning for improvement of glycemic control in a type 2 diabetes patient.
- Improvement of glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- Improvements of glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes who have one or more specified cardiovascular risk factors.
- Treatment of type 2 diabetes by administering bromocriptine mesylate and a first-phase insulin secretagogue wherein the combined therapeutic effect is greater than the additive effect of administering each agent alone.
PARLODEL [Bromocriptine MesylateC32H40BrN5O5CH4O3S]
RX
- eq 2.5mg base (oral tablet)
eq 5mg base (oral capsule)
Us Pharms Holdings IApproved Prior To Jan 1, 1982
WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for reference only. Many of these treatments may be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field. The owner of this website will not be held liable for any injuries and deaths cause by following any home remedies. We have no control of what is posted.
Home Remedies for Close
PUFFY EYES
Tip a black tea bag into hot water for a minute or two, then cool in the refrigerator or freezer. Apply damp tea bags over closed eyes for approximately 10 minutes.Nobody | November 5th, 2017
Tip a black tea bag into hot water for a minute or two, then cool in the refrigerator or freezer. Apply damp tea bags over closed eyes for approximately 10 minutes.Nobody | November 5th, 2017
SCAR REDUCTION [fibrosis]
Apply coconut oil, cocoa butter, castor oil or vitamin E oil as soon as the wound closes.Jlaiii | August 12th, 2020
Apply coconut oil, cocoa butter, castor oil or vitamin E oil as soon as the wound closes.Jlaiii | August 12th, 2020
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Close
AGARICUS (Amanita muscaria)
The fungus Amanita muscaria, Persoon; (Agaricus muscarius, Linné.) (Nat. Ord. Fungi.) An extremely poisonous fungus found in the pine forests of... / ...olent peristalsis takes place, paralysis and death. Muscarine is the direct antagonist to atropine. Closely allied to Agaricus is Amanita phalloides, Fries or Death Cup. Common in the United States an... / ...by Eclectic practitioners. Muscarine is used in atropine and belladonna poisoning, sometimes being employed in place of eserine (physostigmine). 2
The fungus Amanita muscaria, Persoon; (Agaricus muscarius, Linné.) (Nat. Ord. Fungi.) An extremely poisonous fungus found in the pine forests of... / ...olent peristalsis takes place, paralysis and death. Muscarine is the direct antagonist to atropine. Closely allied to Agaricus is Amanita phalloides, Fries or Death Cup. Common in the United States an... / ...by Eclectic practitioners. Muscarine is used in atropine and belladonna poisoning, sometimes being employed in place of eserine (physostigmine). 2
AVENA SATIVA
The unripe seed of the Avena sativa, Linné, and the farina derived from the ripened seed (Nat. Ord. Graminaceae). Probably indigenous to Sicily... / ... regarded by many as a remedy of some importance for nervous debility, and for affections bordering closely upon nervous prostration. It seemingly acts well in the exhaustion following typhoid and oth... / ...off the habit has not been sustained. In our own experience we have utterly failed to accomplish any good with it in any form of drug habit. 2
The unripe seed of the Avena sativa, Linné, and the farina derived from the ripened seed (Nat. Ord. Graminaceae). Probably indigenous to Sicily... / ... regarded by many as a remedy of some importance for nervous debility, and for affections bordering closely upon nervous prostration. It seemingly acts well in the exhaustion following typhoid and oth... / ...off the habit has not been sustained. In our own experience we have utterly failed to accomplish any good with it in any form of drug habit. 2
CAPSICUM
The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...decidedly irritant, causing dermal heat and redness. It does not vesicate, however, unless long and closely applied to the mucosa. The oleoresin is much more active and causes sharp burning pain and m...2
The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...decidedly irritant, causing dermal heat and redness. It does not vesicate, however, unless long and closely applied to the mucosa. The oleoresin is much more active and causes sharp burning pain and m...2
CARBO LIGNI
Charcoal prepared by burning soft wood. It must be kept in tightly-closed vessels. Common Names: Charcoal, Wood Charcoal; Synonym: Carbo Vegetabilis. (Activated... / Charcoal prepared by burning soft wood. It must be kept in tightly-closed vessels. Common Names: Charcoal, Wood Charcoal; Synonym: Carbo Vegetabilis. (Activated Charco... / ...pulse is feeble, the belly-wall tumid and doughy, the tongue expressionless and pale with little coating and lenticular spots, or the coating may lift in patches.2
Charcoal prepared by burning soft wood. It must be kept in tightly-closed vessels. Common Names: Charcoal, Wood Charcoal; Synonym: Carbo Vegetabilis. (Activated... / Charcoal prepared by burning soft wood. It must be kept in tightly-closed vessels. Common Names: Charcoal, Wood Charcoal; Synonym: Carbo Vegetabilis. (Activated Charco... / ...pulse is feeble, the belly-wall tumid and doughy, the tongue expressionless and pale with little coating and lenticular spots, or the coating may lift in patches.2
CINCHONACINCH
I. Cinchona.-The dried bark of Cinchona Ledgeriana, Moens; Cinchona Calisaya, Weddell, and hybrids of these with other species of Cinchona... / ...asant excitement of the stomach and bowels, with retching and vomiting. It has occasioned symptoms closely resembling the paroxysms of intermittent fever, and produces a general state known as Cincho... / ...chronic suppuration; and to arrest profuse and debilitating night sweats in one suffering from general debility with poor recuperative powers.2
I. Cinchona.-The dried bark of Cinchona Ledgeriana, Moens; Cinchona Calisaya, Weddell, and hybrids of these with other species of Cinchona... / ...asant excitement of the stomach and bowels, with retching and vomiting. It has occasioned symptoms closely resembling the paroxysms of intermittent fever, and produces a general state known as Cincho... / ...chronic suppuration; and to arrest profuse and debilitating night sweats in one suffering from general debility with poor recuperative powers.2
CONVALLARIACONVA
The rhizome and rootlets of Convallaria majalis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae.) Common Name: Lily of the Valley. Principal Constituents.Two... / ...h capillary obstruction. Action and Therapy.In its effects upon the human circulation convallaria closely resembles that of its more powerful congener, digitalis, without, however, causing the unple... / ...carditis and endocarditis, using it in fractional doses. Convallaria is of less service in stenosis of the aorta than in mitral disorders.2
The rhizome and rootlets of Convallaria majalis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae.) Common Name: Lily of the Valley. Principal Constituents.Two... / ...h capillary obstruction. Action and Therapy.In its effects upon the human circulation convallaria closely resembles that of its more powerful congener, digitalis, without, however, causing the unple... / ...carditis and endocarditis, using it in fractional doses. Convallaria is of less service in stenosis of the aorta than in mitral disorders.2
DIGITALIS
The leaves of... / ...is purpurea, Linné (Nat. Ord. Scrophulariaceae), carefully dried and preserved away from light, in close containers. Europe; cultivated in Europe and to some extent in America. Dose, 1 to 2 grains. C... / ...pulse becomes very slow and irregular. The ventricle dilates more completely, thus prolonging the diastole; the systole becomes erratic in force,2
The leaves of... / ...is purpurea, Linné (Nat. Ord. Scrophulariaceae), carefully dried and preserved away from light, in close containers. Europe; cultivated in Europe and to some extent in America. Dose, 1 to 2 grains. C... / ...pulse becomes very slow and irregular. The ventricle dilates more completely, thus prolonging the diastole; the systole becomes erratic in force,2
DIOSCOREA
The rhizome of Dioscorea villosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Dioscoreaceae). A vine found throughout the United States. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common... / ...es: Wild Yam, Colic Root. Principal Constituents.An acrid, alcohol-soluble resin, and a substance closely allied to saponin. Preparations.1. Decoctum Dioscoreae, Decoction of Dioscorea (Dioscorea,... / ...does not dissolve calculi. Usually, while there is much tenderness in cases requiring dioscorea, the distress is gradually relieved by pressure.2
The rhizome of Dioscorea villosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Dioscoreaceae). A vine found throughout the United States. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common... / ...es: Wild Yam, Colic Root. Principal Constituents.An acrid, alcohol-soluble resin, and a substance closely allied to saponin. Preparations.1. Decoctum Dioscoreae, Decoction of Dioscorea (Dioscorea,... / ...does not dissolve calculi. Usually, while there is much tenderness in cases requiring dioscorea, the distress is gradually relieved by pressure.2
DULCAMARA. (Solanum dulcamara)SODU
The young branches of Solanum Dulcamara, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). A vine common in Europe and the United States. Dose, 1 to 30... / ...l of the group of solanaceous drugs. It will be observed that the therapeutic uses of dulcamara are closely allied to those of belladonna, minus the profound impression derived from atropine. Dulcamar...2
The young branches of Solanum Dulcamara, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). A vine common in Europe and the United States. Dose, 1 to 30... / ...l of the group of solanaceous drugs. It will be observed that the therapeutic uses of dulcamara are closely allied to those of belladonna, minus the profound impression derived from atropine. Dulcamar...2
EUONYMUS
The bark of the root of Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacquin (Nat. Ord. Celastraceae.). A small shrub or bush of the United States. Dose, 5 to 60... / ...ndian Arrow-wood, Burning Bush, Spindle Tree. Principal Constituents.A bitter glucoside euonymin, closely resembling digitalin; asparagin, and euonic acid. (Euonymin should not be confounded with th... / ...value it in so-called chronic ague, and in the constipation and gastric debility associated with or following it. Euonymus is a neglected bitter.2
The bark of the root of Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacquin (Nat. Ord. Celastraceae.). A small shrub or bush of the United States. Dose, 5 to 60... / ...ndian Arrow-wood, Burning Bush, Spindle Tree. Principal Constituents.A bitter glucoside euonymin, closely resembling digitalin; asparagin, and euonic acid. (Euonymin should not be confounded with th... / ...value it in so-called chronic ague, and in the constipation and gastric debility associated with or following it. Euonymus is a neglected bitter.2
GLUCOSUM
Glucose, Liquid Glucose, Syrupy Glucose. A syrupy liquid, composed chiefly of dextrose (dextro-glucose) and dextrin. It is obtained by the... / ...tion and Therapy.Glucose is an easily digested nutrient, fermentable, and comparing in food value closely to sugar. Diuretic properties have been ascribed to it, and it is said to protect against fa...2
Glucose, Liquid Glucose, Syrupy Glucose. A syrupy liquid, composed chiefly of dextrose (dextro-glucose) and dextrin. It is obtained by the... / ...tion and Therapy.Glucose is an easily digested nutrient, fermentable, and comparing in food value closely to sugar. Diuretic properties have been ascribed to it, and it is said to protect against fa...2
GLYCERINUM
Glycerin, Glycerol. A liquid composed most largely of a trihydric alcohol (C3H5(OH)3) obtained by the processes of hydrolysis and distillation of... / ...nctuousness without being greasy, its splendid and extensive solvent powers, its ability to hold in close contact to the tissues powders and other medicines that would dry and fall off if applied with... / ...A 5 per cent solution of phenol in glycerin upon cotton may be used for insertion into the aural canal after rupture of the membrana tympani wh2
Glycerin, Glycerol. A liquid composed most largely of a trihydric alcohol (C3H5(OH)3) obtained by the processes of hydrolysis and distillation of... / ...nctuousness without being greasy, its splendid and extensive solvent powers, its ability to hold in close contact to the tissues powders and other medicines that would dry and fall off if applied with... / ...A 5 per cent solution of phenol in glycerin upon cotton may be used for insertion into the aural canal after rupture of the membrana tympani wh2
HIPPOCASTANUM (Aesculus Hippocastanum)AEHI
The bark and fruit of Aesculus Hippocastanum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Sapindaceae). Asia and Europe; planted in United States. Dose (bark), 1 to 60... / ...congestion of the rectum. Action and Therapy.The action and therapeutic uses of hippocastanum are closely similar to those of Aesculus glabra, which see. By some it is believed to have a somewhat st... / ...is also in reflex disorders depending upon the rectal involvement-such as headache, spasmodic asthma, dyspnea dizziness, and disturbed digestion.2
The bark and fruit of Aesculus Hippocastanum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Sapindaceae). Asia and Europe; planted in United States. Dose (bark), 1 to 60... / ...congestion of the rectum. Action and Therapy.The action and therapeutic uses of hippocastanum are closely similar to those of Aesculus glabra, which see. By some it is believed to have a somewhat st... / ...is also in reflex disorders depending upon the rectal involvement-such as headache, spasmodic asthma, dyspnea dizziness, and disturbed digestion.2
HYOSCYAMUS
...ewhat as a check upon its associated hyoscyamine in the parent drug, the latter alkaloid being more closely allied to atropine in action. This check upon the latter makes hyoscyamus less excitant and ......respiration, and if in any case it must be given in full doses its effects upon breathing should be closely watched. The symptoms of poisoning by hyoscyamus and its alkaloids are sufficiently similar ...2
...ewhat as a check upon its associated hyoscyamine in the parent drug, the latter alkaloid being more closely allied to atropine in action. This check upon the latter makes hyoscyamus less excitant and ......respiration, and if in any case it must be given in full doses its effects upon breathing should be closely watched. The symptoms of poisoning by hyoscyamus and its alkaloids are sufficiently similar ...2
JUGLANS CINEREA
The bark of the root of Juglans cinerea, Linné, collected in the autumn (Nat. Ord. juglandaceae). A forest tree of North America. Common Names:... / ...ernut, White Walnut. Principal Constituents.A fixed oil, and orange-yellow juglandic acid, a body closely resembling chrysophanic acid. Preparations.1. Specific Medicine Juglans. Dose, 1 to 30 dro...2
The bark of the root of Juglans cinerea, Linné, collected in the autumn (Nat. Ord. juglandaceae). A forest tree of North America. Common Names:... / ...ernut, White Walnut. Principal Constituents.A fixed oil, and orange-yellow juglandic acid, a body closely resembling chrysophanic acid. Preparations.1. Specific Medicine Juglans. Dose, 1 to 30 dro...2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Close
HYDRASTININE
Derivative alkaloid from HYDRASTINE which it closely resembles in medicinal action. The hydrochloride is official in the U. S. P., 1890. Dose, 0.01 to 0.03 Grm. (1-6 to 1/2 gr.).3
Derivative alkaloid from HYDRASTINE which it closely resembles in medicinal action. The hydrochloride is official in the U. S. P., 1890. Dose, 0.01 to 0.03 Grm. (1-6 to 1/2 gr.).3
HYOSCYAMINE
Alkaloid found in many mydriatic drugs; closely related to Atropine and isomeric with that alkaloid. Dose, 0.0003 to’ 0.0015 (1-200 to 1-40 gr.). b. iron Hypophosphite (Ferrous or Ferric). Hematic tonic as well as nerve food. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 Grm. (1/2 to 5 grs.).3
Alkaloid found in many mydriatic drugs; closely related to Atropine and isomeric with that alkaloid. Dose, 0.0003 to’ 0.0015 (1-200 to 1-40 gr.). b. iron Hypophosphite (Ferrous or Ferric). Hematic tonic as well as nerve food. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 Grm. (1/2 to 5 grs.).3
KOUSSO (Cusso, Brayera)
The female inflorescence of HAGENIA ABYSSINICA, (Bruce) Gmel. Anthclminlic, tenicide, cathartic. The remedy (for tapeworm) should be taken in the morning, fasting, a cathartic having been given the previous evening. A synthetic antipyretic, closely resembling in its properties and uses Phenacetin, q. v.3
The female inflorescence of HAGENIA ABYSSINICA, (Bruce) Gmel. Anthclminlic, tenicide, cathartic. The remedy (for tapeworm) should be taken in the morning, fasting, a cathartic having been given the previous evening. A synthetic antipyretic, closely resembling in its properties and uses Phenacetin, q. v.3
ZEDOARYCUZE
The rhizome of CURCUMA ZEDOARIA, Willd. Carminative, closely resembling Ginger in properties and uses.3
The rhizome of CURCUMA ZEDOARIA, Willd. Carminative, closely resembling Ginger in properties and uses.3
References
1) Bergner, Pal., Griswold, Alexandra F., Hufford, David J., et al. . Morton Grove, Il: Publications International, 2017.
2) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
3) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
3) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.