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What is diabetes?
If you have diabetes, your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from foods you eat. The cells of your body need glucose for energy. A hormone called insulin helps glucose get into your cells.
With type 1 diabetes, your body doesn't make insulin. With type 2 diabetes, your body doesn't make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in your blood and causes high blood glucose levels.
Prediabetes means that your blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes. If you have prediabetes, you are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
How do the foods I eat affect my blood glucose levels?The glucose in your blood comes from certain foods called carbohydrates, or "carbs." Foods that are high in carbs include candy and sweets, sodas, breads, tortillas, and white rice. The more carbs you eat, the higher your blood glucose level will be. Some, but not all people with diabetes, may need to count the amount of carbs eaten in drinks and meals.
Whether you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes, making the right food choices is an important way to keep your blood glucose at a level that is healthy for you. When you control your blood glucose, you lower your chance of having serious health problems from diabetes, such as vision loss and heart problems.
And if you have prediabetes or are at risk for diabetes, eating foods that keep your blood glucose levels healthy may help prevent type 2 diabetes later on.
What's the best diet for diabetes?There isn't a specific diet or meal plan that works for everybody. Your health care provider may have you see a registered dietician (RD) or a diabetes educator who can help design the best eating plan for you. The plan will consider:
- Any medicines that you take
- Your weight
- Any other health conditions you have
- Your lifestyle and tastes
- Your goals
All eating plans for diabetes have a few things in common, including eating the right foods in the right amounts at the right times.
What foods should I eat if I have diabetes?Eating the right foods for diabetes means eating a variety of healthy foods from all the food groups:
- Fruits and vegetables
- Whole grains, such as whole wheat, brown rice, barley, quinoa, and oats
- Proteins, such as lean meats, chicken, turkey, fish, eggs, nuts, beans, lentils, and tofu
- Nonfat or low-fat dairy, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese
To keep your blood glucose under control, you may need to cut back on certain foods and drinks. This doesn't mean that you can never enjoy them. But you should have them less often or in smaller amounts.
The foods and drinks you should limit include:
- High-carb foods and drinks, such as:
- Sugary foods, such as candy, cookies, cake, ice cream, sweetened cereals, and canned fruits with added sugar
- Drinks with added sugars, such as juice, regular soda, and regular sports or energy drinks
- White rice, tortillas, breads, and pasta - especially those made with white flour
- Starchy vegetables, such as white potatoes, corn, and peas
- Fried foods and other foods high in saturated and trans fats.
- Foods high in sodium (salt).
- Alcohol. If you do drink, you should drink moderately. This means no more than one standard drink a day if you're a woman or two standard drinks a day if you're a man.
If you have diabetes, it's important to eat the right amount of food every day. Your eating plan will include how much to eat, and help you choose the types of food for each meal or snack. If you take insulin, you may need to learn how to count carbs to help you know how much insulin to take.
Eating at the right times is also important. You will want to plan for regular, balanced meals to avoid blood glucose levels that are too high or too low for you. Eating about the same amount of carbs at each meal can be helpful.
Your eating plan will also teach you how to stick with your plan at home and when you eat out.
Eating healthy to control your blood glucose does take some effort. But the reward is a chance to live your healthiest life with diabetes.
NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Eaten FDA Approved Drugs
- Treatment of bipolar disorder.
- Sodium thiosulfate injection is indicated for sequential use with sodium nitrite for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning.
- Treatment of acute cyanide poisoning that is judged to be life threatening.
- Sodium thiosulfate injection is indicated for sequential use with sodium nitrite for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning.
- Treatment of acute cyanide poisoning that is judged to be life threatening.
- Emergency treatment of adult & pediatric patients following fluorouracil or capecitabine overdose,or who exhibit early-onset,severe or life-threatening cardiac or cns toxicity or unusually severe adverse reactions within 96 hours.
Felter's Materia Medica on Eaten
The root of Asclepias tuberosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Asclepiadaceae). United States and Canada. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common Names: Pleurisy Root,... / ...scent stage of pneumonia and other respiratory lesions, when expectoration is scanty and dyspnea threatens, small doses of asclepias are helpful. It renders a similar service in dry, non-spasmodic ast...1
The (1) dried root and the (2) dried leaves and tops of Atropa Belladonna, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Europe and Central Asia; also... / ...sed as antigalactagogues and are especially serviceable after weaning the child or when mastitis threatens. All local applications of belladonna should be made with judgment and carefully watched lest...1
The seeds of Caffea arabica, Linné (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Native of Arabia-Felix and Ethiopia; and extensively cultivated in Asia and America... / ... Specific Medicine Coffeæ. Dose, 1 to 60 drops. Specific Indications.Feeble circulation, with threatened heartfailure; sense of exhaustion; headache, with cerebral hyperemia or congestion. Action.... / ...preferably without sugar or cream; for use in narcotic poisoning very strong, black coffee may be given freely, both by mouth and per rectum.1
Charcoal prepared by burning soft wood. It must be kept in tightly-closed vessels. Common Names: Charcoal, Wood Charcoal; Synonym: Carbo... / ...imal trituration as a remedy for passive hemorrhage with the most marked benefit. I employ it in threatened hemorrhage during typhoid fever; in menorrhagia, especially when chronic; in prolonged menst... / ...the belly-wall tumid and doughy, the tongue expressionless and pale with little coating and lenticular spots, or the coating may lift in patches.1
The feculence of the juice of the fruit of Ecballium Elaterium (Linné), A. Richard. (Nat. Ord. Cucurbitaceae.) A trailing vine of southern... / ...he patient is not greatly exhausted; and it is more especially indicated when uremic convulsions threaten or are present. Elaterium is a useful purgative when a revulsive is needed in cerebral congest... / ...is preferred by some physicians, though elaterium, notwithstanding its impurities, seems to be more generally efficient than its derivative.1
The leaves of Epigaea repens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ericaceae). A small, trailing, shrubby plant of the eastern half of the United States. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common Names: Trailing... / ...hering by wood-despoiling vandals. Thus a beautiful wild flower, as well as a good medicine, is threatened with extermination.1
The fleshy receptacle of Ficus Carica, Linné bearing fruit on its inner surface. (Nat. Ord. Moraceae.) Persia and Asia Minor; cultivated in all mild latitudes. Common... / ...s of figs, dates, raisins, prunes, and senna leaves. This is wrapped in tinfoil, and sliced off and eaten according to the requirements of the individual.1
Castor Oil. The fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Ricinus communis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Euphorbiaceae). An East Indian plant;... / ..., which may be more or less disguised by peppermint and other aromatics. Peppermint lozenges may be eaten immediately before and after swallowing it; it has been advised in coffee, sweet cider, ale, m... / ...equal parts of aromatic syrup of rhubarb (or neutralizing cordial or glyconda) and castor oil may be given in doses of one to two fluidounces.1
Croton Oil. A fixed oil expressed from the seeds of Croton Tiglium, Linné (Nat. Ord. Euphorbiaceae). East Indies and Molucca, and Philippine... / ...o restrain purgation, and demulcents to control the irritability of the mucosa. In case collapse threatens, external heat should be applied and heart stimulants be given subcutaneously. Therapy.Exte... / ...to avoid it, in children and the feeble and pregnant, nor where hemorrhoids, intestinal or renal inflammation, or peritonitis are present.1
... to 2 fluidrachms. Specific Indications.-Uterine irritability and hyperaesthesia; uterine colic; threatened abortion; dysmenorrhea, with cramp-like pelvic pain, and scanty flow; severe lumbar and bear......rhage. It will, however, be of service in controlling the nervous phenomena associated with such threatened accidents and aid psychologically in preventing that which undue nervous agitation might pr...1
Physician's Materia Medica on Eaten
The bark of the root of VIBURNU M PRUNIFOLIUM, Lin. Tonic, antispasmodic, astringent, uterine sedative. Used especially in d ysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, to prevent threatened abortion and to relieve after-pains.2
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Eaten
When threatened, harden skin by frequent use of astringent lotions, lead water, tannin dissolved in dilute alcohol, 2 grs. to fl. oz.; whiskey and salt (2 drachms to pint); Antiseptine diluted with wa ter or whiskey. When ulcers have formal, protect with soap plaster and use antiseptics. especially Iodosyl ointment. Sustain patient’s strength with nourishing and predigested food. Iron in form of the tincture is generally of service.2
When “bilious” attack is threatened give mercurous iodide, 1 gr. or calomel 2 to 5 grs. (or % gr. every 15 minutes till six doses are taken), followed... / When “bilious” attack is threatened give mercurous iodide, 1 gr. or calomel 2 to 5 grs. (or % gr. every 15 minutes till six doses are taken), followed in four hours by a saline (... / ...disagree with digestion; regu late bowels, using if necessary hepatic stimulants; insist on regular open air exercise, advising especially horseback riding.2
Prescribe at first aconite, calomel and sodium bicarbonate fol lowed by a saline cathartic; warm mucilaginous drinks, potassium citrate and Ze-an; Glyceroplasma over loins. If uremia is threaten ed, elaterium, Tonic Pilocarpine Compound, hot air baths to cause sweating. In later stages digitalis and squill, caffeine, compound spirit juniper, even cantharides in small doses.2
Cod Liver Oil and Alterativos constitute the medicinal treat ment, hygienic measurus being, however, all-important. In anemic eases, syrup iodide ofiron, Hamno-M;1ngan with Arsenic, N., B. & C0,; for enlarged glands, ointments of iodine, Iodosyl or ichthyol and internally iodine compounds, especially Creosotide, N., B. 8: Co.; if suppuration threatens, sulphurated lime.2
References
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.