Pressing
What is neuroblastoma?
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that forms in nerve cells called neuroblasts. Neuroblasts are immature nerve tissue. They normally turn into working nerve cells. But in neuroblastoma, they form a tumor.
Neuroblastoma usually begins in the adrenal glands. You have two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney. The adrenal glands make important hormones that help control heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose (blood sugar), and the way the body reacts to stress. Neuroblastoma may also begin in the neck, chest or spinal cord.
What causes neuroblastoma?Neuroblastoma is caused by changes in your genes. Gene changes also called gene variants or mutations. In most cases, the cause of the mutation is unknown. In some other cases, the mutation is passed from the parent to the child.
What are the symptoms of neuroblastoma?Neuroblastoma often begins in early childhood. Sometimes it begins before a child is born.The most common symptoms are caused by the tumor pressing on nearby tissues as it grows or by cancer spreading to the bone.They include:
- A lump in the abdomen, neck, or chest
- Bulging eyes
- Dark circles around the eyes
- Bone pain
- Swollen stomach and trouble breathing in babies
- Painless, bluish lumps under the skin in babies
- Weakness or paralysis (loss of ability to move a body part)
To diagnose neuroblastoma, your child's health care provider will do various tests and procedures, which may include:
- A medical history.
- A neurological exam.
- Imaging tests, such as x-rays, a CT scan, an ultrasound, an MRI, or an MIBG scan. In an MIBG scan, a small amount of a radioactive substance is injected into a vein. It travels through the bloodstream and attaches itself to any neuroblastoma cells. A scanner detects the cells.
- Blood and urine tests.
- Biopsy, in which a sample of tissue is removed and examined under a microscope.
- Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, in which bone marrow, blood, and a small piece of bone are removed for testing.
The treatments for neuroblastoma include:
- Observation, also called watchful waiting, is where the health care provider does not give any treatments until your child's signs or symptoms appear or change.
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy.
- Chemotherapy.
- High-dose chemotherapy and radiation therapy with stem cell rescue. Your child will get high doses of chemotherapy and radiation. This kills the cancer cells, but it also kills healthy cells. So your child will get a stem cell transplant, usually of his or her own cells collected earlier. This helps to replace the healthy cells that were lost.
- Iodine 131-MIBG therapy, a treatment with radioactive iodine. The radioactive iodine collects in neuroblastoma cells and kills them with the radiation that is given off.
- Targeted therapy, which uses drugs or other substances that attack specific cancer cells with less harm to normal cells.
NIH: National Cancer Institute
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Pressing
AGARICUS (Amanita muscaria)
The fungus Amanita muscaria, Persoon; (Agaricus muscarius, Linné.) (Nat. Ord. Fungi.) An extremely poisonous fungus found in the pine forests of... / ...jects are not well seen because they seem to move; drawing of the tissues of the forehead and nose; pressing pain in the occiput and an inclination to fall backward. Webster thought it useful in typ... / ...is used in atropine and belladonna poisoning, sometimes being employed in place of eserine (physostigmine). 1
The fungus Amanita muscaria, Persoon; (Agaricus muscarius, Linné.) (Nat. Ord. Fungi.) An extremely poisonous fungus found in the pine forests of... / ...jects are not well seen because they seem to move; drawing of the tissues of the forehead and nose; pressing pain in the occiput and an inclination to fall backward. Webster thought it useful in typ... / ...is used in atropine and belladonna poisoning, sometimes being employed in place of eserine (physostigmine). 1
ALLIUM CEPA
The fresh bulb of Allium Cepa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae). Common in cultivation everywhere. Common Name: Onion. Principal Constituent.A... / ...erited from domestic medication, and might well be considered in preference to less safe and less depressing pulmonic medication. A tincture of red onion is useful in gravel and other urinary disorder...1
The fresh bulb of Allium Cepa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae). Common in cultivation everywhere. Common Name: Onion. Principal Constituent.A... / ...erited from domestic medication, and might well be considered in preference to less safe and less depressing pulmonic medication. A tincture of red onion is useful in gravel and other urinary disorder...1
CARYOPHYLLUS
The unexpanded flowers (dried flower-buds) of Eugenia aromatica (Linné), O Kuntze. (Jambosa Caryophyllus (Sprengel) Niedenzu). (Nat. Ord.... / ...oils, most of which act similarly. It excites the salivary secretions and stimulates digestion by impressing the nerves of smell and taste, dilating the gastric vessels, provoking the flow of gastric ... / ...oil of clove frequently relieves it. Eugenol. Derived from oil of clove and other sources may be given in doses of 1 to 3 minims.1
The unexpanded flowers (dried flower-buds) of Eugenia aromatica (Linné), O Kuntze. (Jambosa Caryophyllus (Sprengel) Niedenzu). (Nat. Ord.... / ...oils, most of which act similarly. It excites the salivary secretions and stimulates digestion by impressing the nerves of smell and taste, dilating the gastric vessels, provoking the flow of gastric ... / ...oil of clove frequently relieves it. Eugenol. Derived from oil of clove and other sources may be given in doses of 1 to 3 minims.1
CORALLORHIZA
The rhizome of Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nuttall. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods in eastern half of the United States. Dose, 1 drachm. Common... / ...ven excels asclepias, is pleasant to the taste, acts kindly upon the stomach, and lacks the heart depressing qualities of jaborandi. It was once largely used in fevers. Its principal use is in subacut... / ...agent is too expensive to use for these purposes. It is to be regretted that its extreme scarcity makes corallorhiza an almost unobtainable drug.1
The rhizome of Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nuttall. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods in eastern half of the United States. Dose, 1 drachm. Common... / ...ven excels asclepias, is pleasant to the taste, acts kindly upon the stomach, and lacks the heart depressing qualities of jaborandi. It was once largely used in fevers. Its principal use is in subacut... / ...agent is too expensive to use for these purposes. It is to be regretted that its extreme scarcity makes corallorhiza an almost unobtainable drug.1
EUPATORIUM PERFOLIATUM
The flowering tops and leaves of Eupatorium perfoliatum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). Swamps and low meadows throughout the United States. Dose,... / ...ion required. Its thoroughness as such, however, cannot be questioned, and it has no poisonous or depressing qualities. Eupatorium is now used in malarial affections of the irregular and masked types,... / ...tonic and stomachic, when given in small doses it improves the appetite and digestion and thus favors a more rapid and perfect convalescence.1
The flowering tops and leaves of Eupatorium perfoliatum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). Swamps and low meadows throughout the United States. Dose,... / ...ion required. Its thoroughness as such, however, cannot be questioned, and it has no poisonous or depressing qualities. Eupatorium is now used in malarial affections of the irregular and masked types,... / ...tonic and stomachic, when given in small doses it improves the appetite and digestion and thus favors a more rapid and perfect convalescence.1
GELSEMIUM
The dried rhizome and roots of Gelsemium sempervirens (Linné,) Aiton (Nat. Ord. Loganiaceae). Dose, 1/10 to 1 grain. Common Names: Yellow... / ...teri, with dry and hot vaginal walls. Action.Gelsemium acts chiefly upon the spinal cord, first impressing the sensory tract, even to the extent of producing complete anesthesia; later, its dominant... / ...great restlessness and excitation are the classic indications for it as first formulated by Scudder, and these stand among the truest of speci1
The dried rhizome and roots of Gelsemium sempervirens (Linné,) Aiton (Nat. Ord. Loganiaceae). Dose, 1/10 to 1 grain. Common Names: Yellow... / ...teri, with dry and hot vaginal walls. Action.Gelsemium acts chiefly upon the spinal cord, first impressing the sensory tract, even to the extent of producing complete anesthesia; later, its dominant... / ...great restlessness and excitation are the classic indications for it as first formulated by Scudder, and these stand among the truest of speci1
JALAPA (Ipomea jalapa)
The dried tuberous root of Ipomoea jalapa, Nuttall; (Ipomoea purga, Hayne; Exogonium jalapa, Baillon; Exogonium purga, Bentham). Nat.... / ...tic effects. It should not be given for any great length of time, for the depletion finally has a depressing effect upon the heart. Though contraindicated in inflammation of the intestinal tube, it ma... / ...are desirable forms in which to use jalap. Jalap alone purges in about 3 to 4 hours.1
The dried tuberous root of Ipomoea jalapa, Nuttall; (Ipomoea purga, Hayne; Exogonium jalapa, Baillon; Exogonium purga, Bentham). Nat.... / ...tic effects. It should not be given for any great length of time, for the depletion finally has a depressing effect upon the heart. Though contraindicated in inflammation of the intestinal tube, it ma... / ...are desirable forms in which to use jalap. Jalap alone purges in about 3 to 4 hours.1
LOBELIALOBEL
The leaves, tops, and seeds of Lobelia inflata, Linné (Nat. Ord. Lobeliaceae). Abundant in the United States. Dose, 1 to 60 grains. Common... / ...bundance and ejected with the contents of the stomach. The emetic action of lobelia is extremely depressing, and is usually accompanied by profuse perspiration. Oppressive prostration, relaxation of ...1
The leaves, tops, and seeds of Lobelia inflata, Linné (Nat. Ord. Lobeliaceae). Abundant in the United States. Dose, 1 to 60 grains. Common... / ...bundance and ejected with the contents of the stomach. The emetic action of lobelia is extremely depressing, and is usually accompanied by profuse perspiration. Oppressive prostration, relaxation of ...1
LYCOPODIUMLYBA6
The spores of Lycopodium clavatum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Lycopodiaceae) or Club Moss, a creeping perennial found in most parts of the earth; gathered... / ... and deep-red, scanty urine, which readily stains the garments. The fever is not active, but very depressing and intractable, and may be accompanied by sore throat, colic, diarrhoea, dysentery, or con... / ...are voided. The small dose, from the fraction of a drop to five drops of the specific medicine, is the most advantageous form of administration.1
The spores of Lycopodium clavatum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Lycopodiaceae) or Club Moss, a creeping perennial found in most parts of the earth; gathered... / ... and deep-red, scanty urine, which readily stains the garments. The fever is not active, but very depressing and intractable, and may be accompanied by sore throat, colic, diarrhoea, dysentery, or con... / ...are voided. The small dose, from the fraction of a drop to five drops of the specific medicine, is the most advantageous form of administration.1
OPIUM
The milky exudate, air dried, obtained by incising unripe capsules of the growing plant Papaveris somniferum, Linné; and its variety, album, De Candolle (Nat. Ord.... / ...o the sensory filaments, benumbing them against pain, and finally the motor nerves come under its depressing power. While the exact cause of its pain-relieving1
The milky exudate, air dried, obtained by incising unripe capsules of the growing plant Papaveris somniferum, Linné; and its variety, album, De Candolle (Nat. Ord.... / ...o the sensory filaments, benumbing them against pain, and finally the motor nerves come under its depressing power. While the exact cause of its pain-relieving1
PILOCARPUSPILOC
The dried leaflets of (1) Pilocarpus Jaborandi, Holmes; or (2) Pilocarpus microphyllus, Stapf (Nat. Ord. Rutaceae). Brazil and Paraguay. Dose, 20... / ...ine upon the involuntary muscles is caused in the same manner as upon the sudoriferous glandsby impressing the myo-neural receptors. Moderate doses of these drugs have scarcely any effect upon the c... / ...bronchial and lachrimal flow. The saliva contains an abundance of ptyalin and salts and readily converts starch into sugar. At times the mucous 1
The dried leaflets of (1) Pilocarpus Jaborandi, Holmes; or (2) Pilocarpus microphyllus, Stapf (Nat. Ord. Rutaceae). Brazil and Paraguay. Dose, 20... / ...ine upon the involuntary muscles is caused in the same manner as upon the sudoriferous glandsby impressing the myo-neural receptors. Moderate doses of these drugs have scarcely any effect upon the c... / ...bronchial and lachrimal flow. The saliva contains an abundance of ptyalin and salts and readily converts starch into sugar. At times the mucous 1
SANGUINARIAALFI8
The rhizome and roots of Sanguinaria canadensis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Papaveraceae), gathered in autumn after the leaves and scape have died to the... / ...creases the broncho-pulmonary, cutaneous, and menstrual secretions. It is a systemic emetic, very depressing, causing increased salivary and hepatic secretions, and hypercatharsis may result. When an ... / ...in debilitated subjects. When due to vicarious menstruation, hemorrhage from the lungs is said to have been controlled by it. It may be used als1
The rhizome and roots of Sanguinaria canadensis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Papaveraceae), gathered in autumn after the leaves and scape have died to the... / ...creases the broncho-pulmonary, cutaneous, and menstrual secretions. It is a systemic emetic, very depressing, causing increased salivary and hepatic secretions, and hypercatharsis may result. When an ... / ...in debilitated subjects. When due to vicarious menstruation, hemorrhage from the lungs is said to have been controlled by it. It may be used als1
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Pressing
CHLORETON E (Acetone-chloroform)
Hypnotic, saiative, anesthetic, antiseptic, antiemetic; resembles chloral in its action, but is less depressing to heart and respiration; useful for relief of neuralgic pain and gastralgia; in insomnia, and as a local application to burns, scalds, carious teeth, painful ulcers, etc. Dose, 0.4 to 1.3 Grm. (6 to 20 grs.).2
Hypnotic, saiative, anesthetic, antiseptic, antiemetic; resembles chloral in its action, but is less depressing to heart and respiration; useful for relief of neuralgic pain and gastralgia; in insomnia, and as a local application to burns, scalds, carious teeth, painful ulcers, etc. Dose, 0.4 to 1.3 Grm. (6 to 20 grs.).2
TONIC PILOCARPINE COMPOUND
A combination in which the powerful secernant action of Pilocarpine is secured without the depressing effects commonly produced by that remedy. A most eflicient agent in the treatment of anasarca and ascites. Each fluidrachm contains; Pilocarpine Hydrochloride, 1-32 gr.; Strychnine Sulphate, 1-64 gr.; Digitoxin, 1-500 gr.; Sparteine Sulphate. 1/8 gr.2
A combination in which the powerful secernant action of Pilocarpine is secured without the depressing effects commonly produced by that remedy. A most eflicient agent in the treatment of anasarca and ascites. Each fluidrachm contains; Pilocarpine Hydrochloride, 1-32 gr.; Strychnine Sulphate, 1-64 gr.; Digitoxin, 1-500 gr.; Sparteine Sulphate. 1/8 gr.2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Pressing
INFLUENZA
The remedies most prescribed in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control... / ...ion; quinine salicylate, aspirin, salicylic acid; calomel followed by a saline purge. The bronchitis must be treated in the usual manner, avoid ing depressing agents such as tartar emetic. Cannabis indica is a safe sedative in these cases. Combat the peculiar depression as the case progresses by str...2
The remedies most prescribed in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control... / ...ion; quinine salicylate, aspirin, salicylic acid; calomel followed by a saline purge. The bronchitis must be treated in the usual manner, avoid ing depressing agents such as tartar emetic. Cannabis indica is a safe sedative in these cases. Combat the peculiar depression as the case progresses by str...2
References
1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.