Analgesic
What are pain relievers?
Pain relievers are medicines that reduce or relieve headaches, sore muscles, arthritis, or other aches and pains. There are many different pain medicines, and each with advantages and risks. Some types of pain respond better to certain medicines than others. Each person may also have a slightly different response to a pain reliever.
What are the types of over-the-counter pain relievers?Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are good for many types of pain. Two types of OTC pain medicines are usually recommended for mild to moderate pain.
- Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is used in many OTC and prescription medicines. It's often considered safer than other pain relievers. Unfortunately, it's common for people to take too much accidentally. Be careful not to take too much each day or use more than one medicine with acetaminophen. Check with your health care provider before taking medicines containing acetaminophen for more than ten days or five days for your child.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include aspirin, naproxen (Aleve), and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). These pain relievers are often most effective if you have pain and inflammation (swelling), such as for arthritis or menstrual cramps. If you take more than the recommended amount, NSAIDs may cause nausea, stomach pain, or ulcers.
If OTC pain relievers don't relieve your pain, your provider may prescribe something stronger. Many NSAIDs are also available at higher prescription doses.
The most powerful pain relievers are opioids, sometimes called narcotics. They include strong prescription pain relievers such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, or morphine. Opioids are sometimes used to treat moderate to severe pain. Your provider may give you a prescription to reduce pain after you have had a major injury or surgery.
Opioids are very effective, but they can sometimes have serious side effects. There is also a risk of addiction. Because of the risks, you must use them only under your provider's supervision.
What are some non-drug treatments for pain?Pain relievers are just one part of a pain treatment plan. Environmental factors, stress, and beliefs about pain may affect the way you feel about pain and respond to treatment.
There are many things you can do to help ease pain. Treatment depends on the cause and type of pain. It's important to check with your provider before trying any of them. A few non-drug treatments for pain include:
- Acupuncture
- Hot or cold packs
- Massage therapy
- Physical therapy
- Relaxation techniques
Analgesic FDA Approved Drugs
BUTRANS [BuprenorphineC29H41NO4]
RX
- 10mcg/hr (transdermal film, extended release)
15mcg/hr (transdermal film, extended release)
20mcg/hr (transdermal film, extended release)
7.5mcg/hr (transdermal film, extended release)
Purdue Pharma LpJun 30, 2010
- Management of pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate..
- The management of moderate to severe chronic pain in patients requiring a continuous, around-the-clock opioid analgesic for an extended period of time.
CALDOLOR [IbuprofenC13H18O2]
RX
- 800mg/8ml (100mg/ml) (intravenous solution)
Cumberland PharmsJun 11, 2009
- Management of mild to moderate pain, management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics in a critically ill patient with intravenous ibuprofen in need thereof.
- Management of mild to moderate pain, management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics, reduction in fever through anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity.
- Management of mild to moderate pain, management of moderate to severe pain as an adnunct to opioid analgesics, reduction in fever through anti inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity.
- Methods of treating pain, inflammation and/or fever in a critically ill patient with intravenous ibuprofen in need thereof.
- Methods of treating pain, inflammation and/or fever with intravenous ibuprofen such that mean arterial blood pressure does not increase the dosage interval.
OFIRMEV [AcetaminophenC8H9NO2]
RX
- 1gm/100ml (10mg/ml) (iv (infusion) solution)
Mallinckrodt IpNov 2, 2010
- Management of mild to moderate pain, management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics, reduction in fever through analgesic and antipyretic activity.
- Management of moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics.
WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Analgesic
STAPHISAGRIA
The ripe seeds of Delphinium Staphisagria, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Mediterranean Basin; cultivated. Dose, 1 to 2 grains. Common Name:... / ...e. It is exceedingly poisonous. Therapy.—External. Locally staphisagria seeds are parasiticide and analgesic. Delphinine, though it should not be employed, acts upon painful areas like veratrine. The... / ...The indications for staphisagria, as concisely stated by us in the American Dispensatory, are given here under Specific Indications.1
The ripe seeds of Delphinium Staphisagria, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Mediterranean Basin; cultivated. Dose, 1 to 2 grains. Common Name:... / ...e. It is exceedingly poisonous. Therapy.—External. Locally staphisagria seeds are parasiticide and analgesic. Delphinine, though it should not be employed, acts upon painful areas like veratrine. The... / ...The indications for staphisagria, as concisely stated by us in the American Dispensatory, are given here under Specific Indications.1
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Analgesic
ACETANILID (Phenylacetamide; Antifebrin.)
Analgesic, antipyretic, antiseptic; a powerful depressant to the spinal nerve centers. Used especially in neuralgic and rheumatic affections to control pain. in migraine, in febrile conditions accom panied with pain. in delirium tremens, in insomnia and as a remedy for obstinate vomiting. Externally it is useful as a surgical dress ing, resembling iodoform in its action. Incompatible with bromides and iodides and with spirit of nitrous ether. It is advantageously combined with Caffeine which dim2
Analgesic, antipyretic, antiseptic; a powerful depressant to the spinal nerve centers. Used especially in neuralgic and rheumatic affections to control pain. in migraine, in febrile conditions accom panied with pain. in delirium tremens, in insomnia and as a remedy for obstinate vomiting. Externally it is useful as a surgical dress ing, resembling iodoform in its action. Incompatible with bromides and iodides and with spirit of nitrous ether. It is advantageously combined with Caffeine which dim2
BELLADONNAATROP
The leaves, also the root of ATROPA BELLADONNA, Lin. My driatic, a deliriant narcotic, analgesic, antispasmodic. Suppresses secretion of skin and mucous membranes; antagonistic to Morphine. Externally applied to relieve pain, to restrain secretion of milk and for its effect on the eye. Internally used in night sweats and incon tinence of urine, in febrile conditions, as an adjuvant with laxatives, etc. Dose, 0.03 to 0.13 Grm. (% to 2 grs. )or more. [The derivative alkaloids of Belladonnl-1, Atro2
The leaves, also the root of ATROPA BELLADONNA, Lin. My driatic, a deliriant narcotic, analgesic, antispasmodic. Suppresses secretion of skin and mucous membranes; antagonistic to Morphine. Externally applied to relieve pain, to restrain secretion of milk and for its effect on the eye. Internally used in night sweats and incon tinence of urine, in febrile conditions, as an adjuvant with laxatives, etc. Dose, 0.03 to 0.13 Grm. (% to 2 grs. )or more. [The derivative alkaloids of Belladonnl-1, Atro2
CANNABIS INDICA (Indian Cannabis)
The flowering tops of the pistillate plant of CANNABIs sa'r1vA, Lin., grown in the East Indies. Antispasmodic, analgesic, deliriant. aphrodisiac. Locally applied it is anti-pruritic. Prescribed in teta nus, in neuralgia, in insomnia and other conditions depending on anemia of the brain, in combating the morphine habit, etc. Dose, 0.2 to 0.6 Grm. (3 to 10 grs.) or more.2
The flowering tops of the pistillate plant of CANNABIs sa'r1vA, Lin., grown in the East Indies. Antispasmodic, analgesic, deliriant. aphrodisiac. Locally applied it is anti-pruritic. Prescribed in teta nus, in neuralgia, in insomnia and other conditions depending on anemia of the brain, in combating the morphine habit, etc. Dose, 0.2 to 0.6 Grm. (3 to 10 grs.) or more.2
CLOVES
The flower buds of EUGENIA AROMATICA, (L.) 0. Kze. Carmina tive, stomachic; locally applied, counter-irritant. analgesic. The active constituent is the oflicial volatile oil, much used for relief of toothache.2
The flower buds of EUGENIA AROMATICA, (L.) 0. Kze. Carmina tive, stomachic; locally applied, counter-irritant. analgesic. The active constituent is the oflicial volatile oil, much used for relief of toothache.2
CRE0SOTE
Antiseptic, germicide, analgesic. Used to relieve nausea, in treatment of tuberculosis and locally as a remedy for toothache. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 c. c. (1/2 to 5 M), or more.2
Antiseptic, germicide, analgesic. Used to relieve nausea, in treatment of tuberculosis and locally as a remedy for toothache. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 c. c. (1/2 to 5 M), or more.2
PHENACETIN
A derivative of NITRO-PHENOL. Analgesic. antipyretic. Prescribed for relief of pain in acute rheumatism, sciatica, gastralgia, migraine, dysmenorrhea, neuralgia. etc.; to reduce temperature and promote diaphoresis in fevers, and for a specific influence in diabetes. Dose, 0.12 to 0.60 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.).2
A derivative of NITRO-PHENOL. Analgesic. antipyretic. Prescribed for relief of pain in acute rheumatism, sciatica, gastralgia, migraine, dysmenorrhea, neuralgia. etc.; to reduce temperature and promote diaphoresis in fevers, and for a specific influence in diabetes. Dose, 0.12 to 0.60 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.).2
RESORCIN (Resorcinol)
A crystalline substance readily soluble in water. Antiseptic, analgesic, anti-emetic, hemostatic. Used internally in gastric ulcer. in fermentative diarrhea, in sea sickness, etc.; as a spray in whooping cough and hay fever; as a lotion in eczema and psoriasis. Dose, 0.12 to 0.30 Grm. (2 to 5 grs.) or more.2
A crystalline substance readily soluble in water. Antiseptic, analgesic, anti-emetic, hemostatic. Used internally in gastric ulcer. in fermentative diarrhea, in sea sickness, etc.; as a spray in whooping cough and hay fever; as a lotion in eczema and psoriasis. Dose, 0.12 to 0.30 Grm. (2 to 5 grs.) or more.2
SASSAFRASSASSA
The bark of the root (also the pith) of SASSAFRAS VARIIFOLIUM, (Salisb.) Kze. Aromatic stimulant, with feeble diaphoretic and diuretic properties. The volatile oil is distinctly analgesic. Sassafras is, however, used chiefly as a flavoring agent. The oil is used in liniments; dose internally 0.1 to 0.5 c. c. (2 to 10 drops).2
The bark of the root (also the pith) of SASSAFRAS VARIIFOLIUM, (Salisb.) Kze. Aromatic stimulant, with feeble diaphoretic and diuretic properties. The volatile oil is distinctly analgesic. Sassafras is, however, used chiefly as a flavoring agent. The oil is used in liniments; dose internally 0.1 to 0.5 c. c. (2 to 10 drops).2
WAFER ASH
The bark of the root of PTELEA TRIFOLIATA. Lin. A bitter tonic. peculiarly acceptable to an irritable stomach, with marked analgesic properties; stomachic. antiperiodic. Especially useful in convalescence from acute diseases where digestion is enfeebled.2
The bark of the root of PTELEA TRIFOLIATA. Lin. A bitter tonic. peculiarly acceptable to an irritable stomach, with marked analgesic properties; stomachic. antiperiodic. Especially useful in convalescence from acute diseases where digestion is enfeebled.2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Analgesic
INFLUENZA
The remedies most prescribed... / ...in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control the febrile symptoms; phenacetin or acetanilid, often combined with salol, for their analgesic action; quinine salicylate, aspirin, salicylic acid; calomel followed by a saline purge. The bronchitis must be treated in the usual manner,...2
The remedies most prescribed... / ...in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control the febrile symptoms; phenacetin or acetanilid, often combined with salol, for their analgesic action; quinine salicylate, aspirin, salicylic acid; calomel followed by a saline purge. The bronchitis must be treated in the usual manner,...2
References
1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.