Hyoscyamine
Amblyopia, or "lazy eye," is the most common cause of visual impairment in children. It happens when an eye fails to work properly with the brain. The eye may look normal, but the brain favors the other eye. In some cases, it can affect both eyes. Causes include:
- Strabismus - a disorder in which the two eyes don't line up in the same direction
- Refractive error in an eye - when one eye cannot focus as well as the other, because of a problem with its shape. This includes nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.
- Cataract - a clouding in the lens of the eye
It can be hard to diagnose amblyopia. It is often found during a routine vision exam.
Treatment for amblyopia forces the child to use the eye with weaker vision. There are two common ways to do this. One is to have the child wear a patch over the good eye for several hours each day, over a number of weeks to months. The other is with eye drops that temporarily blur vision. Each day, the child gets a drop of a drug called atropine in the stronger eye. It is also sometimes necessary to treat the underlying cause. This could include glasses or surgery.
NIH: National Eye Institute
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Hyoscyamine
BELLADONNA (Atropa belladonna)ATROP
...) Belladonna Leaves (Belladonnae Folia). Principal Constituents.The poisonous alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine, belladonnine, and hyoscine. There is much confusion concerning the constituents of bell......ine, belladonnine, and hyoscine. There is much confusion concerning the constituents of belladonna, hyoscyamine, with conversion products, probably being the chief alkaloid. This is readily convertibl...1
...) Belladonna Leaves (Belladonnae Folia). Principal Constituents.The poisonous alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine, belladonnine, and hyoscine. There is much confusion concerning the constituents of bell......ine, belladonnine, and hyoscine. There is much confusion concerning the constituents of belladonna, hyoscyamine, with conversion products, probably being the chief alkaloid. This is readily convertibl...1
DUBOISINA
The alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Duboisia myoporoides, Robert Brown (Nat. Ord. Myoporaceae), the Corkwood elm or Ngmoo of Australia and... / ...s less irritant to the conjunctivae. Internal. Duboisine is very similar to, if not identical with, hyoscyamine, and the physiological effects of it are practically the same as those of the alkaloids ... / ...especially vomiting without previous nausea, and undoubtedly decreases the secretion of urine, hence it should be used with care and judgment.1
The alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Duboisia myoporoides, Robert Brown (Nat. Ord. Myoporaceae), the Corkwood elm or Ngmoo of Australia and... / ...s less irritant to the conjunctivae. Internal. Duboisine is very similar to, if not identical with, hyoscyamine, and the physiological effects of it are practically the same as those of the alkaloids ... / ...especially vomiting without previous nausea, and undoubtedly decreases the secretion of urine, hence it should be used with care and judgment.1
HYOSCYAMUS
... United States. Dose, 2 to 10 grains. Common Name: Henbane. Principal Constituents.Two alkaloids: Hyoscyamine (C17H23NO3), probably identical with duboisine (from Duboisia) and daturine (from Stramo......ion.Specific Medicine Hyoscyamus. Dose, 1/10 to 20 drops. Derivative. Hyoscyaminae Hydrobromidum, Hyoscyamine Hydrobromide (Hyoscyamine Bromide). Dose, 1/200 grain. Specific Indications.Nervous ir......some variation in effects. Thus hyoscine (scopolamine) acts somewhat as a check upon its associated hyoscyamine in the parent drug, the latter alkaloid being more closely allied to atropine in action....1
... United States. Dose, 2 to 10 grains. Common Name: Henbane. Principal Constituents.Two alkaloids: Hyoscyamine (C17H23NO3), probably identical with duboisine (from Duboisia) and daturine (from Stramo......ion.Specific Medicine Hyoscyamus. Dose, 1/10 to 20 drops. Derivative. Hyoscyaminae Hydrobromidum, Hyoscyamine Hydrobromide (Hyoscyamine Bromide). Dose, 1/200 grain. Specific Indications.Nervous ir......some variation in effects. Thus hyoscine (scopolamine) acts somewhat as a check upon its associated hyoscyamine in the parent drug, the latter alkaloid being more closely allied to atropine in action....1
STRAMONIUM (Datura spp.)
... Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed, Thornapple. h Principal Constituents.The chief datura alkaloids are hyoscyamine, and some atropine, and hyoscine. Daturine is probably a mixture of the first two. (See ......olent deliriant of the solanaceae. Its alkaloid daturine is closely akin to, if not identical with, hyoscyamine. American manufacturers are now utilizing stramonium for the preparation of atropine fro...1
... Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed, Thornapple. h Principal Constituents.The chief datura alkaloids are hyoscyamine, and some atropine, and hyoscine. Daturine is probably a mixture of the first two. (See ......olent deliriant of the solanaceae. Its alkaloid daturine is closely akin to, if not identical with, hyoscyamine. American manufacturers are now utilizing stramonium for the preparation of atropine fro...1
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Hyoscyamine
HENBANE (Hyoscyamus)HYOSC
The leaves of HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Anodyne, antispasmodic, hypnotic. Often prescribed in acute mania, hypochondriasis, de lirium tremens, dementia accompanied with excitement; in cough mixtures; associated with cathartics to prevent griping; as a sedative for children. taking the place of opium; for nausea of pregnancy, etc. Contains Hyoscine, q. v., as its most important active constituent (associated with Hyoscyamine and Atropine). Dose, 0.3 to 1.0 Grm. (5 to 15 grs.).2
The leaves of HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Anodyne, antispasmodic, hypnotic. Often prescribed in acute mania, hypochondriasis, de lirium tremens, dementia accompanied with excitement; in cough mixtures; associated with cathartics to prevent griping; as a sedative for children. taking the place of opium; for nausea of pregnancy, etc. Contains Hyoscine, q. v., as its most important active constituent (associated with Hyoscyamine and Atropine). Dose, 0.3 to 1.0 Grm. (5 to 15 grs.).2
HYOSCYAMINE
Alkaloid found in many mydriatic drugs; closely related to Atropine and isomeric with that alkaloid. Dose, 0.0003 to’ 0.0015 (1-200 to 1-40 gr.). b. iron Hypophosphite (Ferrous or Ferric). Hematic tonic as well as nerve food. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 Grm. (1/2 to 5 grs.).2
Alkaloid found in many mydriatic drugs; closely related to Atropine and isomeric with that alkaloid. Dose, 0.0003 to’ 0.0015 (1-200 to 1-40 gr.). b. iron Hypophosphite (Ferrous or Ferric). Hematic tonic as well as nerve food. Dose, 0.03 to 0.30 Grm. (1/2 to 5 grs.).2
References
1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.