Almost
What is tuberculosis (TB)?
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease that usually attacks the lungs. But it can also attack other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine, and brain.
Not everyone infected with TB bacteria (germs) becomes sick. So, there are two types of TB conditions:
- Latent TB infection, where the TB germs live in your body but don't make you sick.
- TB disease (active TB) where you get sick from the TB germs. TB disease can almost always be cured with antibiotics. But if it's not treated properly, it can be fatal.
TB is found in the U.S., but it is more common in certain other countries.
What causes tuberculosis (TB)?TB is caused by bacteria (germs) called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The germs spread from person to person through the air. People who have TB disease in their throat or lungs spread the germs in the air when they cough, sneeze, talk, or sing. If you breathe in the air that has the germs, you can get TB. TB is not spread by touching, kissing, or sharing food or dishes.
You're more likely to catch TB from people you live or work with than from people you see for shorter amounts of time.
Who is more likely to get infected with tuberculosis (TB) germs?Anyone who is near a person with TB disease can get infected with the germs. You are more likely to be near someone with TB disease if you:
- Were born in or often travel to countries where TB disease is common
- Are a health care worker
- Work or live in a place where TB is more common, such as shelters for people without homes, jails, and nursing homes
Certain people are more likely to get sick with TB disease after they get infected. They include people who:
- Have HIV
- Became infected with TB in the last 2 years
- Have other diseases, such as diabetes, that make it hard for your body to fight TB germs
- Have alcohol use disorder or inject illegal drugs
- Were not treated correctly for TB in the past
- Are under age 5
- Are an older adult
Most people who have TB germs in their bodies don't get sick with TB disease. Instead, they have latent TB infection. With a latent TB infection, you:
- Don't have symptoms
- Can't spread TB to others
- Could get sick with active TB disease in the future if your immune system becomes weak for another reason
- Need to take medicine to prevent getting sick with active TB disease in the future
If you have TB disease, the TB germs are active, meaning that they are growing (multiplying) inside your body and making you sick. If the TB is growing in your lungs or throat, you can spread the TB germs to other people. You can get sick with TB disease weeks to years after you're infected with TB germs.
With TB disease, your symptoms will depend on where the TB is growing in your body:
- General symptoms may include:
- Chills and fever
- Night sweats (heavy sweating during sleep)
- Losing weight without trying
- Loss of appetite
- Weakness or fatigue
- Symptoms from TB disease in your lungs may include:
- A cough that lasts longer than 3 weeks
- Coughing up blood or sputum (a thick mucus from the lungs)
- Chest pain
Your health care provider or your local health department can test you to find out if you have TB germs in your body. They will give you either a TB skin or blood test.
If your test shows that you have TB germs, you'll need to have other tests to see if the germs are actively growing:
- Tests for TB disease in the lungs usually include testing samples of your sputum and having chest x-rays.
- Tests for TB disease in other parts of your body may include tests of urine and tissue samples.
You may need a TB test if you have symptoms of TB disease or if you are at high risk because you are more likely to be near someone with TB disease.
What is the treatment for tuberculosis (TB)?The treatment for both latent TB infection and TB disease is antibiotics. To make sure you get rid of all the TB germs in your body, it's very important to follow the directions for taking your medicine.
If you don't follow the directions, the TB germs in your body could change and become antibiotic resistant. That means the medicine may stop working and your TB may become hard to cure.
- For latent TB infections, you usually take medicines for 3 to 9 months. Treatment helps make sure you don't get TB disease in the future.
- For active TB disease, you usually need to take medicines for 6 to 12 months. Treatment will almost always cure you if you take your pills the right way.
- For TB disease in your lungs or throat, you'll need to stay home for a few weeks, so you don't spread disease to other people. You can protect the people you live with by:
- Covering your nose and mouth.
- Opening windows when possible.
- Not getting too close to them.
By following medical advice for TB testing and treatment, you can keep yourself healthy and help stop the spread of TB.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Almost
ACONITUM NEPALLUS
The dried tuberous root of Aconitum Napellus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Mountains of Europe and Asia, and northwestern North America.... / ...nduced, but sweating to any great degree does not take place except from large doses. Then it is an almost constant symptom. Temperature is reduced, but the more readily during pyrexia, when the pulse... / ...approaching from the extremities to the body. Excessive sweating comes on, rapidly lowering the body temperature, dimness of vision, 1
The dried tuberous root of Aconitum Napellus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Mountains of Europe and Asia, and northwestern North America.... / ...nduced, but sweating to any great degree does not take place except from large doses. Then it is an almost constant symptom. Temperature is reduced, but the more readily during pyrexia, when the pulse... / ...approaching from the extremities to the body. Excessive sweating comes on, rapidly lowering the body temperature, dimness of vision, 1
ARNICA MONTANA
The dried flower-heads of Arnica montana, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). A perennial of Siberia and the cooler parts of Europe; also found in... / ...d be brought into service when there is deficient nervous response, sluggish vascular power, and in almost all conditions in which prevails the triad-torpor, debility, and depressed function. In the a...1
The dried flower-heads of Arnica montana, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). A perennial of Siberia and the cooler parts of Europe; also found in... / ...d be brought into service when there is deficient nervous response, sluggish vascular power, and in almost all conditions in which prevails the triad-torpor, debility, and depressed function. In the a...1
ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
... a true diaphoresis, including the elimination of both solids and liquids, the latter sparingly and almost insensibly. Its regulation of the true secretion of the skin more nearly resembles that of no......en indicated in diseases of infants and children. While it acts best when strictly indicated, it is almost never contraindicated in acute respiratory affections. In acute chest diseases asclepias is u...1
... a true diaphoresis, including the elimination of both solids and liquids, the latter sparingly and almost insensibly. Its regulation of the true secretion of the skin more nearly resembles that of no......en indicated in diseases of infants and children. While it acts best when strictly indicated, it is almost never contraindicated in acute respiratory affections. In acute chest diseases asclepias is u...1
AURANTII DULCIS CORTEX
The outer rind of the ripe, fresh fruit of Citrus Aurantium. sinensis, Gallesio (Nat. Ord. Rutaceae) Common Names: Sweet Orange Peel (of Sweet... / ...lack coating; scurvy. Therapy.Sweet Orange Peel. Slightly stimulant, carminative, and tonic. Used almost wholly as a flavoring agent. It makes an elegant addition to acid solution of iron dispensed ...1
The outer rind of the ripe, fresh fruit of Citrus Aurantium. sinensis, Gallesio (Nat. Ord. Rutaceae) Common Names: Sweet Orange Peel (of Sweet... / ...lack coating; scurvy. Therapy.Sweet Orange Peel. Slightly stimulant, carminative, and tonic. Used almost wholly as a flavoring agent. It makes an elegant addition to acid solution of iron dispensed ...1
BRYONIA
The root of Bryonia dioica, Jacquin, and Bryonia alba, Linné (Nat. Ord. Cucurbitaceae.) Europe. Common Names: Bryony, Bastard Turnip, Devil's Turnip,... / ...ing, rasping or explosive, showing its origin in irritation or erethism. Tensive or sharp pains are almost always present, and the secretion, if there is any, is small in quantit1
The root of Bryonia dioica, Jacquin, and Bryonia alba, Linné (Nat. Ord. Cucurbitaceae.) Europe. Common Names: Bryony, Bastard Turnip, Devil's Turnip,... / ...ing, rasping or explosive, showing its origin in irritation or erethism. Tensive or sharp pains are almost always present, and the secretion, if there is any, is small in quantit1
CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus speciesMM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...is way may benefit cases with structural lesions. The influence of cactus is believed to be exerted almost wholly upon the sympathetic nervous system, through the superior cervical ganglia, expending ... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to1
The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus speciesMM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...is way may benefit cases with structural lesions. The influence of cactus is believed to be exerted almost wholly upon the sympathetic nervous system, through the superior cervical ganglia, expending ... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to1
CANNABIS
The dried flowering tops of the female plant of Cannabis sativa, Linné, or the variety indica, Lamarck (Nat. Ord. Cannabinaceae). Asia, East... / ...s vary greatly with the temperament and the peculiarities of the patient, and with his environment. Almost invariably they are pleasurable. An emotional state of happiness even to ecstacy is experienc... / ...of the urino-genital tract and relieves pain. For the first condition it is invaluable in more or less painful conditions in which opium see1
The dried flowering tops of the female plant of Cannabis sativa, Linné, or the variety indica, Lamarck (Nat. Ord. Cannabinaceae). Asia, East... / ...s vary greatly with the temperament and the peculiarities of the patient, and with his environment. Almost invariably they are pleasurable. An emotional state of happiness even to ecstacy is experienc... / ...of the urino-genital tract and relieves pain. For the first condition it is invaluable in more or less painful conditions in which opium see1
CANTHARIS
The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...of powdered cantharides is the smallest amount known to have produced death. Cases of poisoning are almost always confined to those who take cantharis to produce abortion. There is no known chemical o...1
The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...of powdered cantharides is the smallest amount known to have produced death. Cases of poisoning are almost always confined to those who take cantharis to produce abortion. There is no known chemical o...1
CAPSELLACAPSE
...irritation of urinary organs with phosphatic deposits; prolonged and oft-recurring menorrhagia with almost colorless flow. Action and Therapy.Capsella acts chiefly upon the urinary tract, being a mi......ple measures are desired in amenorrhea. In chronic menorrhagia, with a too long or too frequent and almost colorless flow, it is said to have given positive benefit. Its chief value is to relieve irri...1
...irritation of urinary organs with phosphatic deposits; prolonged and oft-recurring menorrhagia with almost colorless flow. Action and Therapy.Capsella acts chiefly upon the urinary tract, being a mi......ple measures are desired in amenorrhea. In chronic menorrhagia, with a too long or too frequent and almost colorless flow, it is said to have given positive benefit. Its chief value is to relieve irri...1
CAPSICUM
The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...ant desideratum during fevers and in convalescence therefrom. In grave cases of typhoid fever, with almost complete suppression of natural secretions, we would be at a loss without capsicum. It someti...1
The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...ant desideratum during fevers and in convalescence therefrom. In grave cases of typhoid fever, with almost complete suppression of natural secretions, we would be at a loss without capsicum. It someti...1
CHELIDONIUM
The whole plant of Chelidonium majus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Papaveraceae). Europe naturalized in waste places in the United States. Dose, 1 to 60... / ...ough reputed to be of some value locally as a stimulant and vulnerary, its present use is confined almost wholly to disorders hinging on imperfect or faulty hepatic function. It also appears to act s... / ...they are proportionately relieved by the action of chelidonium upon the latter. The greatest drawback to chelidonium is its horribly nasty taste.1
The whole plant of Chelidonium majus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Papaveraceae). Europe naturalized in waste places in the United States. Dose, 1 to 60... / ...ough reputed to be of some value locally as a stimulant and vulnerary, its present use is confined almost wholly to disorders hinging on imperfect or faulty hepatic function. It also appears to act s... / ...they are proportionately relieved by the action of chelidonium upon the latter. The greatest drawback to chelidonium is its horribly nasty taste.1
CINCHONACINCH
...ion of Cinchona is that of its chief alkaloid, quinine, which has completely supplanted the bark in almost all conditions in which the former was once used. While cinchona will accomplish the same res...... advantageously in malarial fevers than quinine itself, in most instances the alkaloidal salts have almost entirely supplanted cinchona in these disorders. Cinchona may be used in preference to its al...1
...ion of Cinchona is that of its chief alkaloid, quinine, which has completely supplanted the bark in almost all conditions in which the former was once used. While cinchona will accomplish the same res...... advantageously in malarial fevers than quinine itself, in most instances the alkaloidal salts have almost entirely supplanted cinchona in these disorders. Cinchona may be used in preference to its al...1
COLCHICUMCOLCH
...ot bloody evacuations of heavy mucus and serum, thready pulse, collapse, and death. Toxic doses are almost sure to kill in spite of efforts to save life, the patient dying a slow, painful, and agonizi......tion. For some unknown reason attacks recur more frequently when colchicum has been used, though it almost magically relieves the paroxysms. It is useful for disorders depending upon a gouty diathesis...1
...ot bloody evacuations of heavy mucus and serum, thready pulse, collapse, and death. Toxic doses are almost sure to kill in spite of efforts to save life, the patient dying a slow, painful, and agonizi......tion. For some unknown reason attacks recur more frequently when colchicum has been used, though it almost magically relieves the paroxysms. It is useful for disorders depending upon a gouty diathesis...1
CORALLORHIZA
The rhizome of Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nuttall. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods in eastern half of the United States. Dose, 1 drachm. Common Names: Coral Root, Chicken Toe,... / ...ve to use for these purposes. It is to be regretted that its extreme scarcity makes corallorhiza an almost unobtainable drug.1
The rhizome of Corallorhiza odontorhiza, Nuttall. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods in eastern half of the United States. Dose, 1 drachm. Common Names: Coral Root, Chicken Toe,... / ...ve to use for these purposes. It is to be regretted that its extreme scarcity makes corallorhiza an almost unobtainable drug.1
CRATAEGUSCRAN6
The ripe fruit and bark of (1) Crataegus Oxyacantha, Linné, and (2) other species of Crataegus. (Nat. Ord. Rosaceae) 1. England and other parts... / ...t recently introduced medicinal agents of plant origin. Furthermore, it is distinctive in occupying almost wholly a position in cardiac therapy, though recognized to some extent as a general tonic. In... / ...trial; and as yet with no rational explanation of its reputed powers. The smaller doses are suggested as more likely to succeed than full doses.1
The ripe fruit and bark of (1) Crataegus Oxyacantha, Linné, and (2) other species of Crataegus. (Nat. Ord. Rosaceae) 1. England and other parts... / ...t recently introduced medicinal agents of plant origin. Furthermore, it is distinctive in occupying almost wholly a position in cardiac therapy, though recognized to some extent as a general tonic. In... / ...trial; and as yet with no rational explanation of its reputed powers. The smaller doses are suggested as more likely to succeed than full doses.1
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Almost
ARNICAARNIC
The flowers, also the root of ARNICA MONTANA, Lin. The flowers are stimulant, irritant and vulnerary; used almost exclusively in form of tincture externally applied for sprains, bruises, etc. The root is used internally as a stimulant to the arterial and nervous systems, prescribed especially in typhoid conditions.2
The flowers, also the root of ARNICA MONTANA, Lin. The flowers are stimulant, irritant and vulnerary; used almost exclusively in form of tincture externally applied for sprains, bruises, etc. The root is used internally as a stimulant to the arterial and nervous systems, prescribed especially in typhoid conditions.2
HYOSCINE
Alkaloid obtained from HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Identified by some with Scopolamine, cbtained from Scopola atropoides, which is at least isomeric with it. and is now almost universally substituted for it as it is in the following preparations. Mydriatic like atropine, but quite different in its medicinal action, which is that of a sedative and hypnotic. Dose, 0.00015 to 0.0012 (1-400 to 1-50 gr.).2
Alkaloid obtained from HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Identified by some with Scopolamine, cbtained from Scopola atropoides, which is at least isomeric with it. and is now almost universally substituted for it as it is in the following preparations. Mydriatic like atropine, but quite different in its medicinal action, which is that of a sedative and hypnotic. Dose, 0.00015 to 0.0012 (1-400 to 1-50 gr.).2
POMEGRANATE (Granatum)PUNIC
The bark of the root of PUNICA GRANATUM, Lin. Astringent. anthelmintic. tenicide. Formerly used in diarrhea and colliquative sweats. Now almost exclusively employed as a remedy for tape worm. preferably in the form of a salt of Pelletierine, q. v.2
The bark of the root of PUNICA GRANATUM, Lin. Astringent. anthelmintic. tenicide. Formerly used in diarrhea and colliquative sweats. Now almost exclusively employed as a remedy for tape worm. preferably in the form of a salt of Pelletierine, q. v.2
SANDALWOODSANTA
The wood oi SANTALUM ALBUM, Lin. The active constituent is the volatile oil, whose therapeutic properties are almost identical with those of Balsam Copaiba, q. v. Prescribed in' diseases of the genito-urinary organs. Dose of the oil, 0.3 to 1.3 c. c. (5 to 20 M).2
The wood oi SANTALUM ALBUM, Lin. The active constituent is the volatile oil, whose therapeutic properties are almost identical with those of Balsam Copaiba, q. v. Prescribed in' diseases of the genito-urinary organs. Dose of the oil, 0.3 to 1.3 c. c. (5 to 20 M).2
SCAMMONYCOSC10
Resinous exudate from the root of CONVOLVULUS SCAMMONIA, Lin. Hydragogue cathartic, notoriously uncertain in its action, and almost invariably combined with other cathartics. A constituent of Extract Colocynth Compound.2
Resinous exudate from the root of CONVOLVULUS SCAMMONIA, Lin. Hydragogue cathartic, notoriously uncertain in its action, and almost invariably combined with other cathartics. A constituent of Extract Colocynth Compound.2
STRYCHNINESTTO6
Alkaloid obtained from STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA, L. and other species of Strychnos. Properties of Nux Vomica, q. v. The Sulphate and the Nitrate are the salts most used. The alkaloid itself is almost insoluble in water and so should not be prescribed. Dose of the salts, 0.0006 to 0.004 Grm. (1-100 to 1-16 gr.).2
Alkaloid obtained from STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA, L. and other species of Strychnos. Properties of Nux Vomica, q. v. The Sulphate and the Nitrate are the salts most used. The alkaloid itself is almost insoluble in water and so should not be prescribed. Dose of the salts, 0.0006 to 0.004 Grm. (1-100 to 1-16 gr.).2
WORMSEED, AMERICAN (Chenopodium)
The fruit of CHENOPODIUM ANTHELMINTICUM, Lin. Anthelmintic, antispasmodic. An eflicient remedy for lumbricoid worms. The essential oil is the anthelmintic principle and is now almost exclusively used. Dose of the oil, 0.2 to 0.5 c. c. (3 to 8 M).2
The fruit of CHENOPODIUM ANTHELMINTICUM, Lin. Anthelmintic, antispasmodic. An eflicient remedy for lumbricoid worms. The essential oil is the anthelmintic principle and is now almost exclusively used. Dose of the oil, 0.2 to 0.5 c. c. (3 to 8 M).2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Almost
FEVER
The remedies commonly resorted to include; 1st cardiac or ar terial sedatives, particularly... / ...of temperature, to be used always with due caution and wholly avoided in typhoid conditions, 3d applications of cold water which constitute a measure almost always serviceable, 4th sedatives and anodynes, which may well be combined with diaphoretics. These several classes of remedies must be suited ...2
The remedies commonly resorted to include; 1st cardiac or ar terial sedatives, particularly... / ...of temperature, to be used always with due caution and wholly avoided in typhoid conditions, 3d applications of cold water which constitute a measure almost always serviceable, 4th sedatives and anodynes, which may well be combined with diaphoretics. These several classes of remedies must be suited ...2
GASTRIC CATARRH
At first withhold all food, later give milk and lime water. Cleanse stomach of irritating matters by lavage with warm water, washing out finally with a solution... / ...cs as needed; silver nitrate combined with ext. henbane. Let the diet be simple, and regulate the bowels by use of non-irritant laxatives. Tonics are almost always indicated.2
At first withhold all food, later give milk and lime water. Cleanse stomach of irritating matters by lavage with warm water, washing out finally with a solution... / ...cs as needed; silver nitrate combined with ext. henbane. Let the diet be simple, and regulate the bowels by use of non-irritant laxatives. Tonics are almost always indicated.2
References
1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.