Opium
What is heroin?
Heroin is an illegal, very addictive opioid drug. It's made from morphine, which comes from the seedpod of opium poppy plants. These plants grow in Southeast and Southwest Asia, Mexico, and Colombia. Heroin can be a white or brown powder, or a black sticky substance known as black tar heroin.
How do people use heroin?People inject, sniff, snort, or smoke heroin. Some people mix heroin with crack cocaine, which is called "speedballing." All these ways of taking heroin send it to the brain very quickly, which makes it highly addictive.
What are the short-term effects of heroin?People who use heroin report feeling a "rush" (a surge of pleasure). And then they may feel other effects, such as a warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and a heavy feeling in the arms and legs. They may also have severe itching, nausea, and vomiting. After these first effects, they will usually be drowsy for several hours, and their breathing will slow down.
What are the long-term effects of heroin?People who use heroin over the long term may develop many different health problems. These problems could include liver, kidney, and lung disease, mental disorders, and abscesses.
People who inject the drug also risk getting infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis, and bacterial infections of the skin, bloodstream, and heart (endocarditis). They can also get collapsed veins. When a vein collapses, the blood cannot flow through it.
Repeated use of heroin can lead to tolerance. This means users need more and more of the drug to have the same effect. At higher doses over time, the body becomes dependent on heroin. If someone who is dependent on heroin stops using it, they have withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms can include restlessness, muscle and bone pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and cold flashes with goose bumps.
Repeated use of heroin often leads to heroin use disorder, sometimes called addiction. This is more than physical dependence. It's a chronic (long-lasting) brain disorder. When someone has it, they continue to use heroin even though it causes problems in their life. Some examples include health problems and not being able to meet responsibilities at work, school, or home. Getting and using heroin becomes their main purpose in life.
Can a person overdose on heroin?It's possible to overdose on heroin. This happens when a person uses so much heroin that it causes a life-threatening reaction or death. All heroin users are at risk of an overdose because they never know the actual strength of the drug they are taking or what may have been added to it. Most heroin available in the United States is combined with illegally made fentanyl (IMF). Using heroin combined with IMF, or along with other drugs or alcohol can increase the risk of an overdose.
When people overdose on heroin, their heart rate and breathing slow down. Their breathing may slow do so much that not enough oxygen reaches the brain. This condition is called hypoxia. Hypoxia can lead to a coma, permanent brain damage, or death.
How can a heroin overdose be treated?A medicine called naloxone can treat a heroin (or other opioid) overdose if it is given in time. It works by blocking the effects of the opioid on the body. Sometimes more than one dose of the medicine is needed.
There are two forms of naloxone that anyone can use without medical training: nasal spray and injectable. People at risk of an overdose are encouraged to carry naloxone with them. They can buy naloxone at a pharmacy.
What are the treatments for heroin use disorder?Treatments for heroin use disorder include medicines to treat withdrawal symptoms, medicine to block the effects of opioids, and behavioral treatments. Often, a combination of medicine and behavioral treatment works best. People getting treatment for heroin use disorder should work with their health care providers to come up with a treatment plan that fits their needs.
NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse
Opium FDA Approved Drugs
ALBUTEROL SULFATE AND IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE [Albuterol Sulfate2C13H21NO3H2O4S : Ipratropium BromideC20H30NO3BrH2O]
RX
- eq 0.083% base : 0.017% (inhalation solution)
Cipla LtdDec 31, 2007
NephronDec 31, 2007
Ritedose CorpOct 1, 2012
Teva PharmsDec 31, 2007
Watson Labs TevaDec 31, 2007
NephronDec 31, 2007
Ritedose CorpOct 1, 2012
Teva PharmsDec 31, 2007
Watson Labs TevaDec 31, 2007
ATROVENT [Ipratropium BromideC20H30NO3BrH2O]
RX
- 0.021mg/spray (nasal spray, metered)
0.042mg/spray (nasal spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimOct 20, 1995
ATROVENT HFA [Ipratropium BromideC20H30NO3BrH2O]
RX
- 0.021mg/inh (inhalation aerosol, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimNov 27, 2004
COMBIVENT RESPIMAT [Albuterol Sulfate2C13H21NO3H2O4S : Ipratropium BromideC20H30NO3BrH2O]
RX
- eq 0.1mg base/inh : 0.02mg/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimOct 7, 2011
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE [Ipratropium BromideC20H30NO3BrH2O]
RX
- 0.02% (inhalation solution)
0.021mg/spray (nasal spray, metered)
0.042mg/spray (nasal spray, metered)
Aurobindo Pharma LtdOct 27, 2016
Bausch And Lomb IncOct 15, 2001
Landela PharmJul 19, 2005
NephronSep 27, 2001
Ritedose CorpJan 26, 2001
Sun Pharma GlobalJan 3, 2017
Watson LabsMay 9, 2005
Mylan Speciality LpMar 31, 2003
West-ward Pharms IntNov 5, 2003
Bausch And Lomb IncOct 15, 2001
Landela PharmJul 19, 2005
NephronSep 27, 2001
Ritedose CorpJan 26, 2001
Sun Pharma GlobalJan 3, 2017
Watson LabsMay 9, 2005
Mylan Speciality LpMar 31, 2003
West-ward Pharms IntNov 5, 2003
SPIRIVA [Tiotropium Bromide]
RX
- eq 0.018mg base/inh (inhalation powder)
Boehringer IngelheimJan 30, 2004
- Administration of an inhalable powder comprising tiotropium via device.
- For the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
- Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
SPIRIVA RESPIMAT [Tiotropium Bromide]
RX
- eq 0.00125mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
eq 0.0025mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimSep 15, 2015
- Maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with copd, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and reduction of exacerbations in copd patients..
STIOLTO RESPIMAT [Olodaterol HydrochlorideC21H26N2O5ClH : Tiotropium Bromide]
RX
- eq 0.0025mg base/inh : eq 0.0025mg base/inh (inhalation spray, metered)
Boehringer IngelheimMay 21, 2015
- Treatment of copd.
- Treatment of respiratory complaints.
WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Felter's Materia Medica on Opium
ANISUM (Pimpinella anisum)PIAN3
The dried ripe fruit of Pimpinella Anisum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). Egypt and Western Asia; cultivated in Southern Europe. Dose, 5 to 40... / ... its odor to the milk of nursing mothers. It is an ingredient of Paregoric (Camphorated Tincture of Opium), and is largely used to impart to or correct flavor in medicinal preparations, especially cou...1
The dried ripe fruit of Pimpinella Anisum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). Egypt and Western Asia; cultivated in Southern Europe. Dose, 5 to 40... / ... its odor to the milk of nursing mothers. It is an ingredient of Paregoric (Camphorated Tincture of Opium), and is largely used to impart to or correct flavor in medicinal preparations, especially cou...1
CAFFEA
The seeds of Caffea arabica, Linné (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Native of Arabia-Felix and Ethiopia; and extensively cultivated in Asia and America... / ...y fatigue or exhaustion. Therapy.Coffee in strong infusion is given both by stomach and rectum in opium poisoning. It should be made fresh and as strong as possible. The warmth adds to its efficienc... / ...preferably without sugar or cream; for use in narcotic poisoning very strong, black coffee may be given freely, both by mouth and per rectum.1
The seeds of Caffea arabica, Linné (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Native of Arabia-Felix and Ethiopia; and extensively cultivated in Asia and America... / ...y fatigue or exhaustion. Therapy.Coffee in strong infusion is given both by stomach and rectum in opium poisoning. It should be made fresh and as strong as possible. The warmth adds to its efficienc... / ...preferably without sugar or cream; for use in narcotic poisoning very strong, black coffee may be given freely, both by mouth and per rectum.1
CAMPHORA
A stearopten (having the nature of a ketone) derived from Cinnamomum Camphora. (Linné), Nees et Ebermeier (Nat. Ord. Lauraceae). China and... / ... taken for long periods, even in moderate doses, camphor gives rise to a state of mental confusion. Opium and repeated small doses of alcohol are the best antagonists of the untoward effects of campho... / ...due to gaseous distention of the stomach, or to nervous irritability. In occipital headache, from mental strain, or overstudy, small doses of 1
A stearopten (having the nature of a ketone) derived from Cinnamomum Camphora. (Linné), Nees et Ebermeier (Nat. Ord. Lauraceae). China and... / ... taken for long periods, even in moderate doses, camphor gives rise to a state of mental confusion. Opium and repeated small doses of alcohol are the best antagonists of the untoward effects of campho... / ...due to gaseous distention of the stomach, or to nervous irritability. In occipital headache, from mental strain, or overstudy, small doses of 1
CANNABIS
...nabis is upon the intellectual part of the cerebrum. In many respects its effects parallel those of opium and its chief alkaloid. Without doubt it is the most perfect psychic stimulant known to medici......e effects of cannabis are far less powerful and less disturbing to the general system than those of opium, and it does not, like the latter, restrain the secretions nor produce itching. If anything th......relieves pain. For the first condition it is invaluable in more or less painful conditions in which opium see1
...nabis is upon the intellectual part of the cerebrum. In many respects its effects parallel those of opium and its chief alkaloid. Without doubt it is the most perfect psychic stimulant known to medici......e effects of cannabis are far less powerful and less disturbing to the general system than those of opium, and it does not, like the latter, restrain the secretions nor produce itching. If anything th......relieves pain. For the first condition it is invaluable in more or less painful conditions in which opium see1
CANTHARIS
The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...s, with opiates to control pain. When non-toxic doses have produced strangury it may be relieved by opium and camphor, and large draughts of water. Therapy.External. As a vesicant cantharis acts kin...1
The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...s, with opiates to control pain. When non-toxic doses have produced strangury it may be relieved by opium and camphor, and large draughts of water. Therapy.External. As a vesicant cantharis acts kin...1
COCAERYTH5
...or simple functional maladies because of mere nervous discomfort than there would be in prescribing opium for similar purposes. Both lead to pernicious habits, with a train of miseries to which the vi......ia, depressive insanity, etc., its administration should not be encouraged, and as a remedy for the opium and other drug habits it has no place in medicine on account of the habit-forming dangers of c...1
...or simple functional maladies because of mere nervous discomfort than there would be in prescribing opium for similar purposes. Both lead to pernicious habits, with a train of miseries to which the vi......ia, depressive insanity, etc., its administration should not be encouraged, and as a remedy for the opium and other drug habits it has no place in medicine on account of the habit-forming dangers of c...1
COLCHICUMCOLCH
The dried (I) root and (II) seed of Colchicum autumnale, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae.) England and other parts of Europe. Dose, Corm, 1 to 5... / ...in freely administered with plenty of water and followed by the use of emetics or the stomach pump. Opium may be given to relieve pain, atropine to sustain breathing, and artificial heat to maintain b...1
The dried (I) root and (II) seed of Colchicum autumnale, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae.) England and other parts of Europe. Dose, Corm, 1 to 5... / ...in freely administered with plenty of water and followed by the use of emetics or the stomach pump. Opium may be given to relieve pain, atropine to sustain breathing, and artificial heat to maintain b...1
CONIUM
...remedy for excessive motility and for pain. It also favors sleep, not because it is a hypnotic like opium, but because it relieves pain when that is the cause of the sleeplessness, or when due to an e......ntestines, however, it does not seem to lessen peristalsis, and is therefore not constipating, like opium and morphine. Conium has been used for so-called chronic rheumatism, especially in the aged, w...1
...remedy for excessive motility and for pain. It also favors sleep, not because it is a hypnotic like opium, but because it relieves pain when that is the cause of the sleeplessness, or when due to an e......ntestines, however, it does not seem to lessen peristalsis, and is therefore not constipating, like opium and morphine. Conium has been used for so-called chronic rheumatism, especially in the aged, w...1
GALLA
An excrescence on Quercus infectoria, Olivier, and other allied species of Quercus (Nat. Ord. Fagaceae), caused by the punctures and deposited ova of the Cynips tinctoria,... / ...local application, in ointment, in preference to the acids named. They are commonly associated with opium for the same purpose.1
An excrescence on Quercus infectoria, Olivier, and other allied species of Quercus (Nat. Ord. Fagaceae), caused by the punctures and deposited ova of the Cynips tinctoria,... / ...local application, in ointment, in preference to the acids named. They are commonly associated with opium for the same purpose.1
GAMBIRUNGA
An extract prepared from the leaves and twigs of Ourouparia Gambir (Hunter), Baillon (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Sumatra, Ceylon, and countries bordering the Straits of... / ...purge of castor oil is advised, to be followed by the gambir alone, or with camphorated tincture of opium. It is seldom used in modern Eclectic practice.1
An extract prepared from the leaves and twigs of Ourouparia Gambir (Hunter), Baillon (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Sumatra, Ceylon, and countries bordering the Straits of... / ...purge of castor oil is advised, to be followed by the gambir alone, or with camphorated tincture of opium. It is seldom used in modern Eclectic practice.1
HYOSCYAMUS
...cyamus is a cerebral stimulant or a cerebral sedative. It is largely used under conditions in which opium would be indicated, but is not acceptable on account of the constipation, nausea, and headache......table on account of the constipation, nausea, and headache induced by it. Hyoscyamus does not, like opium, restrain secretion, and proves laxative rather than constipating. Hyoscyamus is a safer drug ......ather than constipating. Hyoscyamus is a safer drug for old persons and children than belladonna or opium. As a remedy for pain it is relatively far weaker than the latter, but should be preferred in ...1
...cyamus is a cerebral stimulant or a cerebral sedative. It is largely used under conditions in which opium would be indicated, but is not acceptable on account of the constipation, nausea, and headache......table on account of the constipation, nausea, and headache induced by it. Hyoscyamus does not, like opium, restrain secretion, and proves laxative rather than constipating. Hyoscyamus is a safer drug ......ather than constipating. Hyoscyamus is a safer drug for old persons and children than belladonna or opium. As a remedy for pain it is relatively far weaker than the latter, but should be preferred in ...1
KINO
The self-dried juice of Pterocarpus Marsupium, Roxburgh (Nat. Ord. Leguminosae). A tree of the mountains of the Malabar coast of Hindustan. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. Common... / ... ulcers. Internal. A good astringent for pyrosis and chronic serous diarrhoea and that occurring in opium habitues, and in the diarrhoea of phthisis.1
The self-dried juice of Pterocarpus Marsupium, Roxburgh (Nat. Ord. Leguminosae). A tree of the mountains of the Malabar coast of Hindustan. Dose, 10 to 30 grains. Common... / ... ulcers. Internal. A good astringent for pyrosis and chronic serous diarrhoea and that occurring in opium habitues, and in the diarrhoea of phthisis.1
KRAMERIA
The root of Krameria triandra, Ruiz et Pavon, and of Krameria Ixina, Linné (Nat. Ord. Krameriaceae). Small suffruticose plants of South America and the West... / ... urine, leucorrhea, prostatorrhea and colliquative sweating. It has been advised in the diarrhea of opium habitues and in dyspepsia and gastric catarrh with full, relaxed skin.1
The root of Krameria triandra, Ruiz et Pavon, and of Krameria Ixina, Linné (Nat. Ord. Krameriaceae). Small suffruticose plants of South America and the West... / ... urine, leucorrhea, prostatorrhea and colliquative sweating. It has been advised in the diarrhea of opium habitues and in dyspepsia and gastric catarrh with full, relaxed skin.1
LACTUCARIUM
The dried or concrete milk-juice of Lactuca virosa,... / ...Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). South and Central Europe. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. Common Name: Lettuce Opium. Principal Constituents.Lactucin (C11H14O4), lactucerin (lactucone), lactucopicrin, lactucic... / ...tendency to induce drowsiness. Lactucarium is often inert; when a good preparation can be obtained it is fairly sedative for irritable children.1
The dried or concrete milk-juice of Lactuca virosa,... / ...Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). South and Central Europe. Dose, 5 to 20 grains. Common Name: Lettuce Opium. Principal Constituents.Lactucin (C11H14O4), lactucerin (lactucone), lactucopicrin, lactucic... / ...tendency to induce drowsiness. Lactucarium is often inert; when a good preparation can be obtained it is fairly sedative for irritable children.1
OPIUM
...culiar narcotic odor. When fresh it is more or less plastic; when kept it becomes hard and brittle. Opium masses are of variable sizes and usually coated with adherent poppy leaves, and often with the...... of a species of Rumex used in packing for transportation. The U. S. P. requires that normal, moist opium should contain not less than 9.5 per cent of anhydrous morphine. Dose, 1/4 to 2 grains. (Avera......ent of anhydrous morphine. Dose, 1/4 to 2 grains. (Average dose, 1 grain.) Principal Constituents.Opium contains nineteen or twenty alkaloids, some of which are combined with meconic acid, forming m...1
...culiar narcotic odor. When fresh it is more or less plastic; when kept it becomes hard and brittle. Opium masses are of variable sizes and usually coated with adherent poppy leaves, and often with the...... of a species of Rumex used in packing for transportation. The U. S. P. requires that normal, moist opium should contain not less than 9.5 per cent of anhydrous morphine. Dose, 1/4 to 2 grains. (Avera......ent of anhydrous morphine. Dose, 1/4 to 2 grains. (Average dose, 1 grain.) Principal Constituents.Opium contains nineteen or twenty alkaloids, some of which are combined with meconic acid, forming m...1
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Materia Medica on Opium
ACID GALLIC
Astringent but not locally hemostatic, Prescribed in diarrheas, in atonic albuminuria, in hematuria, colliquative sweats, diabetes insipidus (combined with opium) and in internal hemorrhages. Ap plied locally in ointments in hemorrhoids and for unhealthy ulcers. Dose, 0.2 to 1.0 Grm. (3 to 15 grs.)2
Astringent but not locally hemostatic, Prescribed in diarrheas, in atonic albuminuria, in hematuria, colliquative sweats, diabetes insipidus (combined with opium) and in internal hemorrhages. Ap plied locally in ointments in hemorrhoids and for unhealthy ulcers. Dose, 0.2 to 1.0 Grm. (3 to 15 grs.)2
CAFFEINE
Alkaloid found in Coffee, Tea, Guarana. Kola and some other plants. Cerebral and cardiac stimulant, acting indirectly as a diure tic. Prescribed often for headache. especially in combination with acetanilid. Useful in adynamic conditions and in all forms of heart failure; a standard remedy in poisoning by opium and other narcotics. Dose of Caffeine or Caffeine Hydrobromide, 0.03 to 0.3 Grm. (96 to 5 grs.- or more. [Caffeine Citrated must be given in double the dose to produce the same effect].2
Alkaloid found in Coffee, Tea, Guarana. Kola and some other plants. Cerebral and cardiac stimulant, acting indirectly as a diure tic. Prescribed often for headache. especially in combination with acetanilid. Useful in adynamic conditions and in all forms of heart failure; a standard remedy in poisoning by opium and other narcotics. Dose of Caffeine or Caffeine Hydrobromide, 0.03 to 0.3 Grm. (96 to 5 grs.- or more. [Caffeine Citrated must be given in double the dose to produce the same effect].2
CHLORAL (Chloral Hydrate)
A powerful hypnotic, less eflicient as an anodyne than opium; antispasmodic. Especially valuable in spasms of strychnine poison ing, tetanus, hysteria and chorea. Dose, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).2
A powerful hypnotic, less eflicient as an anodyne than opium; antispasmodic. Especially valuable in spasms of strychnine poison ing, tetanus, hysteria and chorea. Dose, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).2
CODEINE
Alkaloid derived from OPIUM. Narcotic, sedative, hypnotic. Produces less derangement of the secretions than morphine, and less liable to be followed by disagreeable after effects. Espexially useful in cough mixtures. Dose, 0.004 to 0.06 Grm. (1-16 to 1 gr.).2
Alkaloid derived from OPIUM. Narcotic, sedative, hypnotic. Produces less derangement of the secretions than morphine, and less liable to be followed by disagreeable after effects. Espexially useful in cough mixtures. Dose, 0.004 to 0.06 Grm. (1-16 to 1 gr.).2
COFFEECOFFE
The seed of COFFEA ARABICA, Lin. Stimulant to the nervous system; antidote to Opium and Morphine. Active principle Caffeine, q. v.2
The seed of COFFEA ARABICA, Lin. Stimulant to the nervous system; antidote to Opium and Morphine. Active principle Caffeine, q. v.2
DOVER POWDER (Powder of Ipecac and Opium)
A combination of IPECAC with OPIUM, remarkably for its dia phoretic efficiency. It is of great value in the early stage of acute inflammatory affections such as coryza, bronchitis, pleurisy and especially in muscular rheumatism. It may be advantageously com bined with camphor and with quinine hydrobnomide. The formula of the oflicial preparation (Powder of Ipecac and Opium) is; Ipecac, 1 part; Powdered Opium, 1 part; Sugar of Milk 8 parts. Dose, 0.13 to 0.65 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.). See Tully Powder2
A combination of IPECAC with OPIUM, remarkably for its dia phoretic efficiency. It is of great value in the early stage of acute inflammatory affections such as coryza, bronchitis, pleurisy and especially in muscular rheumatism. It may be advantageously com bined with camphor and with quinine hydrobnomide. The formula of the oflicial preparation (Powder of Ipecac and Opium) is; Ipecac, 1 part; Powdered Opium, 1 part; Sugar of Milk 8 parts. Dose, 0.13 to 0.65 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.). See Tully Powder2
HENBANE (Hyoscyamus)HYOSC
The leaves of HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Anodyne, antispasmodic, hypnotic. Often prescribed in acute mania, hypochondriasis, de lirium tremens, dementia accompanied with excitement; in cough mixtures; associated with cathartics to prevent griping; as a sedative for children. taking the place of opium; for nausea of pregnancy, etc. Contains Hyoscine, q. v., as its most important active constituent (associated with Hyoscyamine and Atropine). Dose, 0.3 to 1.0 Grm. (5 to 15 grs.).2
The leaves of HYOSCYAMUS NIGER, Lin. Anodyne, antispasmodic, hypnotic. Often prescribed in acute mania, hypochondriasis, de lirium tremens, dementia accompanied with excitement; in cough mixtures; associated with cathartics to prevent griping; as a sedative for children. taking the place of opium; for nausea of pregnancy, etc. Contains Hyoscine, q. v., as its most important active constituent (associated with Hyoscyamine and Atropine). Dose, 0.3 to 1.0 Grm. (5 to 15 grs.).2
IPECAC (ipecacuanha)CEIP
The root of URAGOGA IPECACUANHA, (Brot.) Baill. Emetic; in small doses diaphoretic (especially when combined with opium), expectorant, stomachic. In large doses has a specific action in dysentery. Dose, as emetic, 1 to 1.5 Grm. (15 to 25 grs.), repeated if necessary, as diaphoretic. 0.06 to 0.120 Grm. (1 to 2 grs.); as expectorant or stomachic, 0.015 to 0.06 Grm. (1/4 to 1 gr.).2
The root of URAGOGA IPECACUANHA, (Brot.) Baill. Emetic; in small doses diaphoretic (especially when combined with opium), expectorant, stomachic. In large doses has a specific action in dysentery. Dose, as emetic, 1 to 1.5 Grm. (15 to 25 grs.), repeated if necessary, as diaphoretic. 0.06 to 0.120 Grm. (1 to 2 grs.); as expectorant or stomachic, 0.015 to 0.06 Grm. (1/4 to 1 gr.).2
LACTUCARIUM (Lettuce Opium)
The inspissated latex of LACTUCA VIROSA, Lin. Anodyne, hypnotic. A remedy of little eflicacy, but suitable for quieting in fants.2
The inspissated latex of LACTUCA VIROSA, Lin. Anodyne, hypnotic. A remedy of little eflicacy, but suitable for quieting in fants.2
LEAD PLASTER (Diachylon)
An impure oleopalmitate of lead, the coinmon base in medicinal plasters, e. g. Opium Plaster, Resin Plaster, Soap Plaster.2
An impure oleopalmitate of lead, the coinmon base in medicinal plasters, e. g. Opium Plaster, Resin Plaster, Soap Plaster.2
WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.
Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Opium
ABORTION
Habitual abortion may be due to syphilis, to endo-metritis or uterine displacement. to undue... / ...erine Sedative; avoid large doses of quinine. - If abortion seems imminent, keep the patient at rest and give an opiate (morphine hypodermatically or opium extract by injection or suppository). If these measures fail, an aseptic tampon must be introduced and fluid extract of ergot must be given, the...2
Habitual abortion may be due to syphilis, to endo-metritis or uterine displacement. to undue... / ...erine Sedative; avoid large doses of quinine. - If abortion seems imminent, keep the patient at rest and give an opiate (morphine hypodermatically or opium extract by injection or suppository). If these measures fail, an aseptic tampon must be introduced and fluid extract of ergot must be given, the...2
APPENDICITIS
If surgical treatment is not deemed wise, prescribe rest in recum bent position, local depletion by leeches or by Glyceroplasma, an enema to thoroughly clean out the lower bowel, opium or morphine in full sedative doses.2
If surgical treatment is not deemed wise, prescribe rest in recum bent position, local depletion by leeches or by Glyceroplasma, an enema to thoroughly clean out the lower bowel, opium or morphine in full sedative doses.2
ASTHMA
For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a little extract of... / For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a little extract of opium, or from nitre paper or tobacco; belladonna or henbane, lobelia, morphine (used with due caution); in selected cases, amyl nitrite or nitroglyce... / ...B. & Co.; if arising from gastric irrita tion, trea cause. In any case consider question of a change of residence.2
For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a little extract of... / For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a little extract of opium, or from nitre paper or tobacco; belladonna or henbane, lobelia, morphine (used with due caution); in selected cases, amyl nitrite or nitroglyce... / ...B. & Co.; if arising from gastric irrita tion, trea cause. In any case consider question of a change of residence.2
BOILS
To abort, paint the part with a solution of silver nitrate, 20 to 40 grs. to fl. oz. or apply... / ...or and camphorated oil or inject a few drops of a 5% solution of carbolic acid. If these fail, apply Glycero plasma or a flaxseed meal poultice, with opium or belladonna to re lieve pain. Internally, sulphurated lime to prevent suppuration and appropriate tonic and restorative remedies. When suppura...2
To abort, paint the part with a solution of silver nitrate, 20 to 40 grs. to fl. oz. or apply... / ...or and camphorated oil or inject a few drops of a 5% solution of carbolic acid. If these fail, apply Glycero plasma or a flaxseed meal poultice, with opium or belladonna to re lieve pain. Internally, sulphurated lime to prevent suppuration and appropriate tonic and restorative remedies. When suppura...2
CHORDEE
Internally, potassium bromide and chloral; lupulin; a combina tion of camphor, henbane and opium; suppositories of belladonna. Locally, application of hot water; belladonna ointment over corpus spongiosum.2
Internally, potassium bromide and chloral; lupulin; a combina tion of camphor, henbane and opium; suppositories of belladonna. Locally, application of hot water; belladonna ointment over corpus spongiosum.2
CYSTITIS
In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi tories (or hot rectal injections) of belladonna... / In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi tories (or hot rectal injections) of belladonna or extract opium, hot sitz bath, Glyceroplasma over bladder. Avoid highly seasoned foods and remedies which may irritate the bladder. If urine becomes purulent, ... / ...of the bladder with mercuric chloride, 1;10,000 or silver nitrate, 1;2500 is sometimes the best treatment.2
In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi tories (or hot rectal injections) of belladonna... / In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi tories (or hot rectal injections) of belladonna or extract opium, hot sitz bath, Glyceroplasma over bladder. Avoid highly seasoned foods and remedies which may irritate the bladder. If urine becomes purulent, ... / ...of the bladder with mercuric chloride, 1;10,000 or silver nitrate, 1;2500 is sometimes the best treatment.2
DIARRHEA
See also Cholera Infantum, Cholera Morbus and Dysentery. Simple Atonic Diarrhea is best treated by opium combined with gastric and intestinal stimulants, carminatives and astringents. Chlorodyne is an efficient remedy, also the sun cholera mixture a......ater as hot as can be borne will often cure. In Catarrhal Diarrhea, after an initial purge of magnesium sulphate or castor oil, give at first perhaps opium combined with lead acetate, or simple mineral acids, particularly the nitromuriatic; later ammonium chloride and potassium iodide. Chronic Diarr...2
See also Cholera Infantum, Cholera Morbus and Dysentery. Simple Atonic Diarrhea is best treated by opium combined with gastric and intestinal stimulants, carminatives and astringents. Chlorodyne is an efficient remedy, also the sun cholera mixture a......ater as hot as can be borne will often cure. In Catarrhal Diarrhea, after an initial purge of magnesium sulphate or castor oil, give at first perhaps opium combined with lead acetate, or simple mineral acids, particularly the nitromuriatic; later ammonium chloride and potassium iodide. Chronic Diarr...2
DYSENTERY
The most useful remedies in acute cases are; magnesium sul phate (drachm doses of a saturated solution, with aromatic sulphuric acid); calomel in full cathartic dose; ipecac in large doses, combimxi with opium to restrain vomiting; ergot for its antihemorrhagic action. Irrigation of the bowel with mercuric chloride (l;5000) or silver nitrate (12500) or zinc sulphocarbolate (l;l000) is useful in chronic cases.2
The most useful remedies in acute cases are; magnesium sul phate (drachm doses of a saturated solution, with aromatic sulphuric acid); calomel in full cathartic dose; ipecac in large doses, combimxi with opium to restrain vomiting; ergot for its antihemorrhagic action. Irrigation of the bowel with mercuric chloride (l;5000) or silver nitrate (12500) or zinc sulphocarbolate (l;l000) is useful in chronic cases.2
ENDOCARDITIS
In the early stage, control heart’s action with aconite or veratrum viride; calomel and opium or morphine; leeches or ice bag over pre cordium. Later sustain heart’s action with digitalis. If of rheuma tic or syphilitic origin adopt appropriate general treatment. In cases of acute articular rheumatism, watch for indications of cardiac inflammation and meet symptoms promptly.2
In the early stage, control heart’s action with aconite or veratrum viride; calomel and opium or morphine; leeches or ice bag over pre cordium. Later sustain heart’s action with digitalis. If of rheuma tic or syphilitic origin adopt appropriate general treatment. In cases of acute articular rheumatism, watch for indications of cardiac inflammation and meet symptoms promptly.2
GASTRALGIA
Treat the indigestion causing the pain on general principles (see Indigestion). For immediate relief of pain, antacids if necessary, anodynes (codeine, chloroform, chlorodyne, hydrocyanic acid, camph orated tincture opium, cocaine, fl. ext. life everlasting), counter-irri tation; in hysterical subjects, valerianates. As tonics especially combinations of arsenic with iron.2
Treat the indigestion causing the pain on general principles (see Indigestion). For immediate relief of pain, antacids if necessary, anodynes (codeine, chloroform, chlorodyne, hydrocyanic acid, camph orated tincture opium, cocaine, fl. ext. life everlasting), counter-irri tation; in hysterical subjects, valerianates. As tonics especially combinations of arsenic with iron.2
GASTRITIS. ACUTE
Empty the stomach. preferably by stomach tube, washing out with warm normal salt solution; opium (deodcrizui tincture), mucila ginous drinks. hot fomentations or poultice over epigastrium. Treat inflammatory symptoms on general principles.2
Empty the stomach. preferably by stomach tube, washing out with warm normal salt solution; opium (deodcrizui tincture), mucila ginous drinks. hot fomentations or poultice over epigastrium. Treat inflammatory symptoms on general principles.2
HEMATEMESIS
Astringents, particularly Monsel’s Solution (3 minims well dilut ed), tincture ferric Chloride, tannin, opium and lead acetate; ice swallowed frequently; extract suprarenal capsules; ergot; distilled extract witch hazel.2
Astringents, particularly Monsel’s Solution (3 minims well dilut ed), tincture ferric Chloride, tannin, opium and lead acetate; ice swallowed frequently; extract suprarenal capsules; ergot; distilled extract witch hazel.2
HEMORRHOIDS
The bowels must be kept free (best by compound liquorice powder, Fl. Ext. Cascara Sagrada... / ...vacuation of the bowels should be in the evening. The best local applica tions (preferably in form of suppository) consist of combinations of tannin, opium and extract of stramonium; extract ergot; cocaine; distilled extract witch hazel. If the tumors (internal hemorrhoids) "come down”, they must ...2
The bowels must be kept free (best by compound liquorice powder, Fl. Ext. Cascara Sagrada... / ...vacuation of the bowels should be in the evening. The best local applica tions (preferably in form of suppository) consist of combinations of tannin, opium and extract of stramonium; extract ergot; cocaine; distilled extract witch hazel. If the tumors (internal hemorrhoids) "come down”, they must ...2
HICCOUGH
When connected with faulty digestion, direct treatment to cause. Remedies in mild cases are tincture capsicum, Hoffmanrfis Anodyne, spirit chloroform, valerianates, spirit camphor; in severe cases, musk (10 grain doses, best given per rectum), amyl nitrite, enema of sodium bromide and deodorized tincture opium.2
When connected with faulty digestion, direct treatment to cause. Remedies in mild cases are tincture capsicum, Hoffmanrfis Anodyne, spirit chloroform, valerianates, spirit camphor; in severe cases, musk (10 grain doses, best given per rectum), amyl nitrite, enema of sodium bromide and deodorized tincture opium.2
MENINGITIS
In acute stage eontrol arterial excitement with veratrum or aconite, prescribing also calomel and opium for antiphlogistic and calmative effect. Apply cold to head and leeches to nape of neck. Later control nervous irritability with chloral and bromides and sustain strength by nourishing food with alcohol if indicated.2
In acute stage eontrol arterial excitement with veratrum or aconite, prescribing also calomel and opium for antiphlogistic and calmative effect. Apply cold to head and leeches to nape of neck. Later control nervous irritability with chloral and bromides and sustain strength by nourishing food with alcohol if indicated.2
References
1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.