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Diuretic

What is high blood pressure?

High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is when blood puts too much pressure against the walls of your arteries. Almost half of American adults have high blood pressure, usually with no symptoms. But it can cause serious problems such as stroke, heart failure, heart attack, and kidney disease.

What lifestyle changes can help lower high blood pressure?

Healthy lifestyle changes can help reduce high blood pressure:

  • Losing weight
  • Being physically active
  • Managing stress
  • Reducing sodium in your diet
  • Avoiding alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs
  • Getting enough sleep
What if lifestyle changes alone cannot lower blood pressure?

Sometimes lifestyle changes alone cannot control or lower your high blood pressure. In that case, your health care provider may prescribe blood pressure medicines.

How do blood pressure medicines work?

The most commonly used blood pressure medicines work in different ways to lower blood pressure:

  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) keep your blood vessels from narrowing as much and allows blood to move through them with less pressure.
  • Beta blockers help your heart beat slower and with less force. This means that your heart pumps less blood through your blood vessels. Beta blockers are typically used only as a backup option or if you also have certain other conditions.
  • Calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from entering the muscle cells of your heart and blood vessels. This allows the blood vessels to relax.
  • Diuretics remove extra water and sodium (salt) from your body. This lowers the amount of fluid in your blood. Diuretics are often used with other high blood pressure medicines, sometimes in one combined pill.

Often, two or more medicines work better than one. If these medicines do not lower your blood pressure enough, your provider may suggest that you take another type of blood pressure medicine.

While taking the medicines, it is still important to keep up with your healthy lifestyle changes. Doing both helps keep blood pressure lower than lifestyle changes or medicines alone.

NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Diuretic FDA Approved Drugs

INSPRA [EplerenoneC24H30O6]
RX
-
25mg (oral tablet)
50mg (oral tablet)
Gd Searle LlcSep 27, 2002
  • Treatment of conditions for which an aldosterone receptor blocker is indicated, such as hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction.
  • Treatment of conditions related to hyperaldosteronism such as hypertension and cardiac insufficiency, with eplerenone.
  • Treatment of hypertension.
  • Use of eplerenone in combination with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor (and optionally a diuretic) for treating congestive heart failure and hypertension.
  • Use of eplerenone in combination with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor for treating hypertension.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Diuretic

ADONIS VERNALIS
   The whole plant of Adonis vernalis, Linné. (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Southern Europe, Siberia, and Labrador. Dose, 1/2 to 3 grains. Common Name:... / ..., regulates, and strengthens the heart's contractions, raises blood pressure, and thereby acts as a diuretic. It also causes deeper and slower breathing, and in proper cases overcomes dyspnea. Large d... / ...in epilepsy, administering it with bromide of potassium. It should not be given when there is gastro-intestinal irritation or inflammation. 1

ALLIUM CEPA
   The fresh bulb of Allium Cepa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae). Common in cultivation everywhere. Common Name: Onion. Principal Constituent.—A... / ...arelessly applied, or when applied to open surfaces. Internal. Onion is stimulant, expectorant, and diuretic. A syrup of onion, prepared by drawing the juice with sugar, is a very effectual expectoran... / ...pus, and mucus. The dose is from 5 to 10 drops in water. It is sometimes given with an equal quantity of tincture of Xanthium Strumarium. 1

ALLIUM SATIVUM
   The bulb of Allium sativum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae). Sicily, Asia Minor, and Central Asia; cultivated also in the United States and Europe.... / ...in and cerebro-spinal disorders of children, associated with convulsions. Internal. Expectorant and diuretic. The juice or the syrup (made by covering bruised garlic with sugar) is often effectual in ... / ...used to excess. As such it is a common ingredient of certain meat sausages. 1

ALTHÆA OFFICINALIS
   The decorticated dried root of Althaea officinalis, Linné (Nat. Ord. Malvaceae), a plant of salt marshes, river banks, and moist, sandy soils.... / ...ess, it is reputed to be comforting to painful piles. Internal. An excellent lenitive and demulcent diuretic employed to soothe irritated and inflamed mucous surfaces, in hoarseness, cough due to fauc... / ...if starch, with some mucilage is needed, a decoction. It may be given freely. A syrup of marshmallow is a good vehicle for pectoral medication. 1

APOCYNUM CANNABINUM
   The root of Apocynum cannabinum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Apocynaceae) gathered in autumn after the leaves and fruit have matured. Grows throughout the... / ... apocynum. In former times it was employed in heroic doses chiefly for its hydragogue cathartic and diuretic effects. Early in the last century it was employed by the botanic practitioners for the rel... / ...may be looked for. Under these circumstances we have removed enormous dropsical swellings with it, giving quick relief from dyspnea and1

ASCLEPIAS INCARNATA
   The root of Asclepias incarnata, Linné (Nat. Ord. Asclepiadaceae). Common in damp and wet grounds throughout the United States. Dose, 1 to 60... / ...n action. Preparation.—Specific Medicine Swamp Milkweed. Dose, 1 to 60 drops. Action and Therapy.—Diuretic and vermifuge. There is good reason to believe this agent a good diuretic to be substituted... / ...a stomachic and of some value in chronic catarrh of the stomach. In powder, 10 to 20 grains, 3 times a day, it is said to expel lumbricoids. 1

ASCLEPIAS SYRIACA
   The root of Asclepias syriaca (Asclepias Cornuti, in the original), Decaisne (Nat. Ord. Asclepiadaceae). Common in rich soils throughout the... / ...rausi believed it effective in removing small epitheliomata. Internal. As the root possesses tonic, diuretic, and anthelmintic properties it may be used occasionally for the functions indicated. The h... / ...worms. The drug deserves study. The young “shoots” or turiones are a favorite pot-herb or “greens” in some sections of our country. 1

BUCHU (Barosma)AGBE2
   The dried leaves of (1) Barosma betulina (Thunberg), Bartling and Wendland, or of (2) Barosma serratifolia (Curtis), Willdenow. (Nat. Ord.... / ...eritis and strangury. Therapy.—Buchu is an aromatic stimulant, tonic, and urinary antiseptic. As a diuretic its action is not pronounced, but it is frequently used with other agents, as citrate or ac... / ...have far better remedies. Buchu renders the urine dark, the latter depositing a brownish precipitate. It should never be used in acute disorders.1

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
   The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus species—MM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...hes the frequency of the pulse, and increases the renal secretions, and is, therefore, sedative and diuretic. According to Scudder (Specific Medication), it neither increases nor depresses innervation... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to1

CANTHARIS
   The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ... has a limited use in modern specific therapeutics. In very small doses it is a decided stimulating diuretic and special sedative to the bladder. One must be very careful, however, to avoid irritant d...1

CAPSELLACAPSE
   The freshly dried plant Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Moench (Nat. Ord. Cruciferae). A common weed, native of Europe, but naturalized... / ...s flow. Action and Therapy.—Capsella acts chiefly upon the urinary tract, being a mild stimulating diuretic. The infusion, tincture and specific medicine are all efficient, but the green plant is mos... / ...disorders of the urinary tract, with constant desire to urinate, and especially if associated with phosphatic deposits or passive hemorrhage.1

CAULOPHYLLUM
   The rhizome and roots of Caulophyllum thalictroides (Linné, Michaux (Nat. Ord. Berberidaceae). In rich woods in the eastern half of the United... / ...d Therapy.—Caulophyllum was at one time largely used as an antispasmodic, emmenagogue, parturient, diuretic, diaphoretic and expectorant, all of which properties it possesses in greater or less degre... / ...of strength and rapid involution of the womb following labor. The dose of the syrup is from 2 fluidrachms to 1/2 fluidounce, 2 or 3 times a day.1

CHIMAPHILA
   ...hronic vesical catarrh, with marked debility. Action and Therapy.—Chimaphila is both an antiseptic diuretic and a positive alterative. It does not derange but seems to favor digestion, and has a good......itation, also guide to the selection of this simple but effective urinary antiseptic, sedative, and diuretic. Albumin has disappeared under its use, though the cases were but incipient cases of albumi...1

COPAIBACOOF2
   An oleoresin derived from species of Copaiba growing in South America. Dose, 5 to 30 drops. Description.—A viscid, pale-yellow or brownish-yellow... / ...when applied to the skin and mucosa. Small doses taken internally act as a stimulant and antiseptic diuretic. It restrains excessive mucous discharges. When swallowed it causes gastric warmth, unpleas...1

CUBEBA
   The unripe, full-grown fruits of Piper Cubeba, Linné, fil. (Nat. Ord. Piperaceae.) Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Prince of Wales Island, and other isles... / ...bebae), cubebin (inactive), cubebic acid, and cubeb resin, the latter two forming a soft resin with diuretic properties. The irritant, stimulant, and carminative properties are possessed by the volati... / ...and hay fever. Care must be had not to blister the roof of the mouth, an untoward effect that is produced by the oil in a good quality of cubeba.1


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Materia Medica on Diuretic

ALCOHOL
   The stimulant most often used and perhaps also most often mis used. The indication for its use is depressed cardiac action, whether due to shock or to lowered vitality. Alcoholic drinks, vinous or malt ed, serve a good purpose also in some cases in promoting appetite and aiding digestion, but they cannot be prescribed indiscriminately for these effects. As active stimulants whiskey or brandy are most e lcient; gin may be prescribed when a diuretic action is desired; brandy in small doses may rel2

ANGELICAANGEL
   The seed of ANenLIen ATROPURPUREA, Lin. (American Angelica) and the root of ANGELICA AncHANGELIen, Lin. (European Ange lica). Aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue. Used in flatulent colic, in chronic bronchitis and in dysmenorrhea.2

ASPARAGUSASPAR
   The root of AsPARAGUs OFFICINALIs, Lin. Diuretic, deobstruent.2

AVENA SATlVA
   The seeds of AVENA sATIVA, Lin., the common Oats. Reputed tonic, nerve stimulant and diuretic, but of questionable value.2

BALM OF GILEAD
   The leaf buds of POPULUs BALsAMIFERA CAND1CANs,(Ait.) Gray. Stimulant to mucous membranes, diuretic and anthelmintic. Use ful in catharrhal affections of respiratory and pi urinary tract, and as an antiscorbutic.2

BLUE FLAG (iris)
   Rhizome and roots of IRIs VERSICOLOR, Lin. Cholagogue, cath artic, diuretic, alterativc. Regarded by many as the most eflicient of vegetable alteratives, with a wide range of usefulness.2

BOLDOPEBO5
   The leaves of BOLDU BOLDUS,(Mol). Lyons [Peumus Boldus, Mol.]. Aromatic, diuretic, cholagogue, antiseptic; in large doses narcotic and irritant. Prescribed in chronic diseases of the genito-urinary tract, in atonic dyspepsia and as a general tonic.2

BORAGEBORAG
   The herb, BORAGO OFFICINALIs, Lin. Demulcent, diaphoretic, diuretic, refrigerant.2

BROOM (Scoparlus)CYTIS
   The tops of CvTIsUs ScormuUs, (L.) Link. Diuretic, laxative. in large doses emeto-cathartic. A valuable remedy in dropsies of cardiac origin and in palpitation of the heart due to weakness of the muscular structure or to valvular disease. Active constituent Spar teine, q. v.2

BUCHUAGBE2
   The leaves of BAROsMA BETULIN.-l, (Thunb.) Bart. & Wend. and of B. CRENULATA, (L.) Hook. Tonic, stimulant diuretic, antiseptic. A valuable remedy in all subacute and chronic inflammations of the urinary tract.2


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Diuretic

CONVULSIONS
   For infants, a hot bath with remedies directed to the cause. which is often teething or... / ...aterium, croton oil, com pound jalap powder); veratrum viride as arterial sedative; venesec tion if the case demands; Tonic Pilocarpine Compound as a diuretic, or submammary injection of normal salt solution. Control convul sions by cautious inhalations of chloroform, aided by chloral hydrate and po...2

CYSTITIS
   In Acute Cystitis, aconite and spirit of nitrous ether, supposi tories (or hot rectal... / ...te the bladder. If urine becomes purulent, salol is useful. In Subacute Cystitis, Ze-an (which is also ad misible even in acute attacks as a lenitive diuretic), buchu, uva ursi, Elixir Saw Palmetto and Sandalwood. In Chronic Cystitis, salol as an antiseptic; potas sium bicarbonate (or citrate) when ...2

DROPSY
   General treatment depends on the cause, which may be in disease of the heart, of the kidneys or less commonly of the liver. For im mediate relief prescribe active diuretics if the st ate of the kidneys permits, the most eflicient being Tonic Pilocarpine Compound; digi talis, canadian hemp, squill (these acting primarily on the circula tion), or hydragogue cathartics, elaterium. compound jalap powder, magnesium sulphate (in concentrated solution) are efficient remedies.2

INFLAMMATION
   Aconite as arterial sedative; diaphoretic and diuretic remedies, especially potassium citrate, ammonium acetate and spirit nitrous ether; mercurial cathartic; Dover’s powder. Locally depletant remedies, especially Glyceroplasma (blisters, leeches); turpentine stupe; hop poultice.2

NEPHRITIS, CHRONIC
   Special care must be taken to avoid exposure to cold. Alcohol must be interdicted and the diet must be carefully regulated so as to throw as little burden as possible on the kidneys. Albumin may often be diminished by nitro-glycerine, sometimes by cantharides. As diuretics, digitalis, squill and calomel, digitalis and caffeine or juniper berries and potassium bitartrate have their uses.2

PLEURITIS
   General treatment for inflammation. Locally apply Glycero plasma, which is particularly useful... / ... early stage simply strapping the chest, to relieve pain, is bet ter. To remove effusion, salicylic acid or saline or hydragogue cathartics or active diuretics such as Tonic Pilocarpine Compound. N., B. & Co.; application to chest of tincture iodine or a mixture of the tincture with glycerin, with a...2

PROSTATITIS
   General treatment for Inflammation, q. v. To relieve vesical tenesmus and pain, rectal suppositories of opium and henbane; Ze-an as diuretic, with which may be combined potassium citrate. In chronic cases, local treatment by steel sounds or application of suit able medicaments.2

SCARLATINA
   Some physicians prescribe as a... / ...pecific remedy sodium salicylate (2 gr. doses every hour), others chloral (2 to 4 grs. every 2 to 4 hours). The usual treatment is by diaphoretic and diuretic refrigerants. potassium citrate with spirit nitrous ether, vichy water or Ze-an, N., B. & Co., with potassium acetate. For the sore throat, c... / ...guard against exposure to cold during convales cence.2


References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.