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Head

What is head and neck cancer?

Head and neck cancer is the name for cancers that develop in the mouth, nose and sinuses, salivary glands, and throat and voice box (larynx). Most head and neck cancers are squamous cell cancers. They begin in the moist tissues that line the head and neck. The cancer cells may spread into deeper tissue as the cancer grows.

There are other cancers that develop in the head and neck, such as brain cancer, eye cancer, and esophageal cancer. But they are usually not considered to be head and neck cancers, because those types of cancer and their treatments are different.

Who is more likely to develop head and neck cancer?

Anyone can get head and neck cancer, but you are more likely to develop it if you:

  • Use tobacco or drink lots of alcohol. Your risk of developing head and neck cancer is even higher if you do both.
  • Are male.
  • Are over age 50.
  • Have a history of head or neck cancer.
  • Have HPV (for cancers in the tonsils and base of the tongue).
  • Are exposed to wood dusts or certain other toxic substances at work (for upper throat, nose, and sinus cancers).
  • Have had radiation exposure to the head and neck (for salivary gland cancer).
  • Have Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (for upper throat and salivary gland cancers).
  • Are Asian (for upper throat cancer).
What are the symptoms of head and neck cancer?

The symptoms of head and neck cancer may include:

  • A lump in the neck
  • A sore in the mouth or the throat that does not heal and may be painful
  • A sore throat that does not go away
  • Trouble swallowing
  • A change or hoarseness in the voice

Other possible symptoms can depend on the specific type of head and neck cancer.

How is head and neck cancer diagnosed?

Which exams and tests used to diagnose head and neck cancer can depend on the specific type of cancer. Possible exams and tests may include:

  • A physical exam of the area that might have cancer.
  • Blood and/or urine tests.
  • An endoscopy.
  • A biopsy or other procedure to collect cells from the area that might have cancer. The cells are viewed under a microscope to find out if they are abnormal.
  • Imaging tests.
What are the treatments for head and neck cancer?

The treatment for head and neck cancer will depend on the specific type of cancer, the stage (how advanced the cancer is), your overall health, and other factors. The treatment options might include:

  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Targeted therapy, which uses drugs or other substances that mainly attack specific cancer cells and cause less harm to normal cells

In some cases, you may need a combination of treatments. Sometimes surgery can affect how well you can chew, swallow, or talk. Rehabilitation, such as physical therapy, dietary counseling, and speech therapy, may help.

Can head and neck cancer be prevented?

There are steps you can take to help prevent head and neck cancer:

  • Not smoking
  • Limiting alcohol use or not drinking at all
  • Getting regular dental exams
  • Talking to your provider about HPV vaccination

NIH: National Cancer Institute

Head FDA Approved Drugs

NATROBA [Spinosad]
RX
-
0.9% (topical suspension)
Parapro LlcJan 18, 2011
  • Natroba topical suspension is a pediculicide indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients six (6) months of age and older..
  • Topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients four (4) years of age and older.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

OVIDE [MalathionC10H19O6PS2]
RX
-
0.5% (topical lotion)
Taro PharmAug 2, 1982
  • Treatment of patients infected with pediculus humanus capitis (head lice and their ova) of the scalp hair.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

SKLICE [Ivermectin]
RX
-
0.5% (topical lotion)
Arbor Pharms LlcFeb 7, 2012
  • For head lice infestations.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for reference only. Many of these treatments may be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field. The owner of this website will not be held liable for any injuries and deaths cause by following any home remedies. We have no control of what is posted.

Home Remedies for Head

PREVENT HEADACHE
   Take 200 to 400 mg of active elemental magnesium before the onset of a headache. Check with your doctor first if you have kidney problems.ThomasFuh | November 5th, 2017
efficacy
3.0  (1)
side effects
1.0  (1)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

MIGRAINE HEADACHE
   Eat 1/4 cup of green pumpkin seeds (pepitas) daily.
Mechanism - increase levels of magnesium
Barbara | November 5th, 2017
efficacy
3.0  (1)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

HEADACHE [migraine]
   Apply a dab of peppermint oil or eucalyptus oil under the nose and on the temples to help relieve headache pain.Garrett | July 19th, 2018
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Head

ABSINTHIUM (Artemisia absinthium)ARAB3
   The flowering tops and leaves of Artemisia Absinthium, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae); Europe, Siberia, Barbary, Newfoundland, and the United... / ...t of absinth act as nerve depressants upon man. Small doses at first stimulate, larger ones produce headache, and still larger doses induce cerebral disturbances and clonic hysteroidal convulsions. Vi... / ...used for the expulsion of the intestinal parasites-Ascaris vermicularis and Ascaris lumbricoides. The oil may be given in doses of 1 to 5 drops. 1

ACONITUM NEPALLUS
   The dried tuberous root of Aconitum Napellus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). Mountains of Europe and Asia, and northwestern North America.... / ...ps some numbness. There may be dizziness most marked upon assuming the upright posture, pain in the head, acute body pain, excessive depression, with feeble circulation and diminished respiration. The... / ...approaching from the extremities to the body. Excessive sweating comes on, rapidly lowering the body temperature, dimness of vision, 1

ACTÆA ALBA.
   The rhizome and rootlets of Actaea alba, Bigelow (Nat. Ord. Ranunculaceae). A perennial of the United States east of the Mississippi, abounding in... / ...ecific Indications.—Atony dependent upon nervous derangements from reproductive disturbances, with headache, insomnia, melancholia, and convulsive tendencies; extreme sensitiveness of the ovarian reg... / ...arising from derangement of the reproductive organs. Like cimicifuga it is useful in atonic indigestion of the nervous dyspepsia type. 1

AGARICUS (Amanita muscaria)
   ...uggested a tincture of the fresh fungus for “involuntary twitching of the muscles of the face, forehead, and even of the eyes, so that objects are not well seen because they seem to move; drawing of ......yes, so that objects are not well seen because they seem to move; drawing of the tissues of the forehead and nose; pressing pain in the occiput and an inclination to fall backward.” Webster thought i...1

ANTHEMIS NOBILIS
   The flower-heads of Anthemis nobilis, Linné, (Nat. Ord. Compositae). Collected from cultivated plants. Common Names: Roman Chamomile, Chamomile, English Chamomile. Principal Constituents.—A... / The flower-heads of Anthemis nobilis, Linné, (Nat. Ord. Compositae). Collected from cultivated plants. Common ... / ...and in dysmenorrhea to check pain and facilitate the flow. The oil may be employed for a like purpose, and for intestinal cramps and colic due to flatulency. Anthemis is little used. 1

APOCYNUM CANNABINUM
   The root of Apocynum cannabinum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Apocynaceae) gathered in autumn after the leaves and fruit have matured. Grows throughout the... / ...as believed that such effects as the increasing of the nasal discharges was the best way to relieve headaches and certain catarrhal affections. Again, it was recommended in diaphoretic doses, for the ... / ...may be looked for. Under these circumstances we have removed enormous dropsical swellings with it, giving quick relief from dyspnea and1

ARNICA MONTANA
   The dried flower-heads of Arnica montana, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). A perennial of Siberia and the cooler parts ......ache, as if bruised or strained; cystitis, with bruised feeling in bladder, as from a fall or blow; headache, with tensive, bruised feeling and pain on movement; hematuria, with dull, aching, lumbar p......gal centers. Intermediate but large doses produce heat in the throat, nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, headache, lowering of temperature, and sometimes convulsive movements. With toxic doses these effect...1

ASAFOETIDA (Ferula fetida)
   ...afetida. Dose, 5 to 30 drops. Specific Indications.— “Nervous irritation, with mental depression, headache, and dizziness; hysteroidal conditions; convulsive disorders from purely functional wrongs ......nd mucous feces. It also increases the bronchial secretion. In overdoses it may cause dizziness and headache. Therapy.—Asafetida is carminative and antispasmodic, and is a very useful nervine for fun...1

ASPIDIUM
   The rhizome of Dryopteris Filix-mas and of Dryopteris marginalis, Asa Gray (Nat. Ord. Filices). World-wide ferns of the Northern Hemispheres.... / ...ology.—When freely absorbed the oleoresin causes nausea, vomiting, purging, severe abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, muscular prostration, tremors, cramps, dyspnea, cold perspiration, cyanosis, co...1

AVENA SATIVA
   ...us depression; nocturnal losses following fevers and from the nervous erethism of debility; nervous headache from overwork or depression. Action and Therapy.—Oatmeal water is sometimes useful to dilu......ef value as a medicine is to energize in nervous exhaustion with or without spasms. It is useful in headache from exhaustion or overwork, or the nervous headache of menstruation. It is not a remedy of...1

BRYONIA
   ...any part of the body and always aggravated by motion; moderately full or hard wiry vibratile pulse; headache from frontal region to occiput; soreness in eyeballs upon movement; hyperesthesia of scalp ......ften display a deficiency of nervous balance and with this may or may not be associated the bryonia headache pain from the frontal region to the occipital base; thinking is an effort and the patient i...... sordes, a deepened hue of the tissues, capillary circulation is sluggish, and there may be frontal headache. Chilliness is not uncommon, and there is a tendency to sweat easily. In such cases it prov...1

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
   ...vous disorders with feeble heart action; tobacco-heart; hysteria with enfeebled circulation; vertex headache; vaso-motor spasms. Action.—Cactus impresses the sympathetic nervous system, and is especi......on of mind, hallucination, and slight delirium. In excessive doses, a quickened pulse, constrictive headache, or constrictive sensation in the chest, cardiac pain -with palpitation, vertigo, dimness o...1

CAFFEA
   ...rops. Specific Indications.—Feeble circulation, with threatened heartfailure; sense of exhaustion; headache, with cerebral hyperemia or congestion. Action.—Coffee is a decided cerebral stimulant and......evere as to interfere with intellectual pursuits or bodily endurance under exertion, and a profound headache may be experienced. Coffee probably retards tissue waste, and is, therefore, a conservator ......auses irritability, dejection of spirits, muscular weakness and trembling, watchfulness, dizziness, headache, and ringing noises in the ears; and flatulence, sour stomach with heartburn and eructation...1

CAMPHORA
   ...us doses occasioning more or less of the following symptoms: esophageal and gastric pain, vomiting, headache, dizziness, mental confusion, drowsiness, delirium, and stupor; feeble, running, or intermi......lief in erysipelas. Inhaling the spirit, or camphor dropped into hot water, gives relief in nervous headache, and often aborts acute colds, coryza, and influenza, giving respite from the excessive sec......cute colds, coryza, and influenza, giving respite from the excessive secretion and the accompanying headache. A solution of camphor in liquid petrolatum (usually with menthol) is a popular spray for s...1

CANNABIS
   ...from spasm of cerebral vessels; palpitation of the heart, with sharp, stitching pain; and menstrual headache, with great nervous depression. Action.—The principal seat of action of cannabis is upon t......y absent, the patient passing successively through heaviness and numbness of the limbs, heat in the head, giddiness, a pleasurable pricking of the whole body, drowsiness, and deep sleep. With some ind...1


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Materia Medica on Head

ACID VALERIANIC AND VALERIANATES
   Compounds of Valerianic Acid produce a quieting effect in hysterical conditions and are prescribed usually with reference to that effect. The uncombined acid is never used. a. Ammonium Valerianate. This is the salt of Valerianic Acid most frequently prescribed. It is useful innervous headaches, hysteria and the nervousness connected with pregnancy or the meno pause. Very commonly combined with bromides. Dose, 0.12 to 0.6 (2 to 10 grs.). b. Ferric Valerianate. Prescribed commonly in combination w2

BITTER-ROOT
   The root of APOCYNUM ANDROsAEMIFOLIUM, Lin. Emetic and cathartic in full doses; in smaller doses, diaphoretic, tonic, laxative and hepatic stimulant. Used especially in dyspepsia with constipa tion and in headache with torpor of the bowels.2

BLACK COHOSH (Cimicifuga)
   The rhizome and roots of CIMICIFUGA RACEMOs.-l, (L.) Nutt. Alterative, antispasmodic, uterine sedative. Prescribed in rheumatism, chorea, dysmenorrhea. ovarian neuralgia, asthma, spasmodic aflections gener'aliy, head ache, etc.2

BROMIDES
   Since the medicinal action of the several alkaline bromides is es sentially the same, and they are frequently prescribed in combina tion, they are grouped here under a single head. They are sedative to the cerebro-spinal centers and hence employed in epilepsy, in in fantile convulsions, in tetanus, in strychnine poisoning, in whooping cough and generally for quieting nervous excitement and in particu lar sexual erethism. In epilepsy a combination of two or more brom ides often gives better resul2

CAFFEINE
   Alkaloid found in Coffee, Tea, Guarana. Kola and some other plants. Cerebral and cardiac stimulant, acting indirectly as a diure tic. Prescribed often for headache. especially in combination with acetanilid. Useful in adynamic conditions and in all forms of heart failure; a standard remedy in poisoning by opium and other narcotics. Dose of Caffeine or Caffeine Hydrobromide, 0.03 to 0.3 Grm. (96 to 5 grs.- or more. [Caffeine Citrated must be given in double the dose to produce the same effect].2

CHAMOMILE, GERMAN (Matrlcarla)
   The flower heads of MATRICARIA CHAMOMILLA, Lin. Tonic, antisp asmodic. anthelmintic, in large doses nauvant; in hot infusion, diaphoretic and emmenagogua2

CHAMOMlLE. ROMAN (Anthemis)
   The flowering heads of ANTHEMIS NOBILIS, Lin. Tonic, sto machic, antispasmodic; in hot infusion diaphoretic and emmenagogue.2

CLOVERTRIFO
   The flower heads of TRIFOLIUM PRATENsE, Lin. Alterative, deobstruent, antispasmodic. Used occasionally in whooping cough, more often as an alterative in scrofulous and syphilitic affections.2

ERGOT
   The sclerotium of the fungus, CLAVICEPS PURPUREA, (Fries) Tulaane. Causes tonic contraction of involuntary muscles, hence hemostatic and ecbolic. Used often (not always wisely) in parturi tion; to control internal hemorrhages, particularly uterine; for relief of congestive head aches, and to promote absorption of morbid growths.2

GUARANAPACU7
   A paste prepared chiefly from the seeds of PAULLINIA CUPANA, Kunth. Astringent, nervine. deriving its medicinal value chiefly from the caffeine it contains. Prescribed in nervous headaches. Dose, 0.3 to 2.0 Grm. (5 to 30 grs.).2


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Head

APOPLEXY, CEREBRAL
   Blood pressure must be reduced by ve-nesection, if the case ad mits it, by action of a rapid... / ...erium or by arterial sedatives, (veratrum viride or aconite); by mustard plasters to feet or a hot mustard foot bath, with applications of ice to the head. Keep the head high and the feet low. In the days immediate ly following the attack, use nerve sedatives and keep the patient on a low diet, stri...2

CONVULSIONS
   For infants, a hot bath with remedies directed to the cause. which is often teething or... / ... valerian and similar agents. In Puerperal Convulsions, the first indication is to eliminate poisons from the system. Use the hot water pack (keeping head cool ) for diaphoresis; hyd ragogue cathartics (elaterium, croton oil, com pound jalap powder); veratrum viride as arterial sedative; venesec tio... / ...child by instrumental means as soon as os is dilated.2

EPISTAXIS
   In severe cases, surgical measures must be resorted to (plugging anterior and posterior nares).... / ...es (fluid extract ergot, anti pyrin, extract suprarenal capsule or internally fluid extract ergot). The hot foot bath to draw the blood away from the head, cold wa ter to nape of neck, raising the hands high above the head, pressure on the facial artery are all measures to be borne in mind.2

HEADACHE
   Seek the cause and govern treatment accordingly. Distinguish articularly congestive from anemic headaches. In the former ergot and vascular sedatives are useful, in the latter stimulating remedies are indicated. See that excretions are normal, that the eyes are not under strain from errors of refraction. that hygenic conditions are good and that the patient takes suflicient exercise and recreation.2

MENINGITIS
   In acute stage eontrol arterial excitement with veratrum or aconite, prescribing also calomel and opium for antiphlogistic and calmative effect. Apply cold to head and leeches to nape of neck. Later control nervous irritability with chloral and bromides and sustain strength by nourishing food with alcohol if indicated.2


References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.