Ledgend of Medicine

ABIES (Tsuga canadensis)^TSCA
   The bark and prepared resinous exudate of Tsuga canadensis, Carriére (Abies canadensis, Michaux; Pinus canadensis, Linné). (Nat. Ord.... / ...stric irritation, vomiting, and diarrhoea. Contraindicated in inflammations. Therapy.—External. A strong decoction of the bark is a satisfactory astringent for the checking of leucorrhoea and a good ... / ...be used where there is excessive secretion of mucus and the cough is largely precipitated by a feeble and relaxed state of the uvula and fauces. ²

ACONITUM NEPALLUS
   ...f Aconite are aconine and benzaconine, both alkaloids; the former of little activity; the latter a strong heart depressant. Commercial Aconitine is a more or less impure mixture of aconite alkaloids. ......conite (10 per cent aconite). Dose, 1 to 8 minims. ‡‡Fleming's Tincture of Aconite is many times stronger than the preceding, with which it should not be confounded. It should have no place in moder......notably impressed by even so-called therapeutic doses. It is quite clear that aconite does not act strongly upon the cerebrum, except that poisonous doses somewhat depress the perceptive faculty. Upon...²

ÆSCULUS GLABRA
   ...Constituents.—The glucoside aesculin (C15 H16 O9) (displays a blue fluorescence in water and more strongly in the presence of alkalies); aesculetin (C9H6O4); a peculiar tannin and saponin. Starch is ......sneezing. Buckeye acts powerfully upon the nervous and circulatory systems. Its action is probably strongest on the spinal nerves, and in some respects resembles that of strychnine. The cerebrum is al...²

AGARICUS (Amanita muscaria)
   The fungus Amanita muscaria, Persoon; (Agaricus muscarius, Linné.) (Nat. Ord. Fungi.) An extremely poisonous fungus found in the pine forests of... / ...iologic opposite. Preparations.—1. Tinctura Agarici, Tincture of Agaricus (Fresh fungus, 1 ounce; strong alcohol, 16 fluidounces). Dose, 1/30 drop. 2. Muscarine. Dose, 1/30 to 1/12 grain. Action and ... / ...by Eclectic practitioners. Muscarine is used in atropine and belladonna poisoning, sometimes being employed in place of eserine (physostigmine). ²

ALOE^ALOE
   The dried juice of the leaves of several species of Aloe: (1) Aloe Perryi, Baker; (2) Aloe vera, Linné; (3) Aloe ferox, Miller. (Nat. Ord.... / ...ve, probably affecting only the lower bowel, notably the rectum. In small doses it is laxative. It strongly increases colonic peristalsis, but does not greatly increase the secretions of the intestina...²

APOCYNUM CANNABINUM
   ...prove a remedy; under opposite conditions it is likely to prove an aggravation. The patient with a strong, rope-like, hard, and quick pulse is not the patient for apocynum. On the other hand, the feeb......, liver, or kidneys. Yet in these conditions, when debility and subcutaneous, watery exudation are strong factors, it alone is a powerful remedy to relieve urgent symptoms and to put into action that ...²

AQUA ROSÆ
   Rose Water. Stronger Rose Water mixed with an equal part of distilled water, immediately before dispensing. Descr......y before dispensing. Description.—A clear aqueous preparation having the pleasant odor of roses. [Stronger Rose Water is a saturated, aqueous distillate from the flowers of the hundred-leaved rose (R......nt collyrium. As a perfume preparation it is of much value in cosmetic lotions and washes, and the Stronger Rose Water (Aqua Rosae Fortior) is an ingredient of Ointment of Rose Water (Unguentum, Aquae...²

ARISÆMA TRIPHYLLUM
   The fresh corm of Arisaema triphyllum, Torre (Nat. Ord. Araceae). Common in damp woods and wet situations in North and South merica. Common Names:... / ...ice, burning and sense of constriction in the throat, and thin ichorous discharge from the nose. A strong tincture of the fresh corm may be given in drop doses every half to one hour, and a throat was...²

ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA
   ...ms; Water, 4 ounce. Mix. Sig. One teaspoonful every 1 or 2 hours.) Specific Indications.— “Pulse strong, vibratile; skin moist; pain acute, and seemingly dependent on motion” (Scudder). Skin hot an....... If the pulse be rapid and small, aconite should be given with it; if rapidly bounding, large and strong, veratrum. While useful in disorders of adults, especially old persons, asclepias will be most...²

AVENA SATIVA
   The unripe seed of the Avena sativa, Linné, and the farina derived from the ripened seed (Nat. Ord. Graminaceae). Probably indigenous to Sicily... / ...e oatmeal water. 2. Tinctura Avenae, Tincture of Avena. (Cover best unripe oats [in “milk”] with strong alcohol.) Dose, 1/2 to 2 fluidrachms. 3. Specific Medicine Avena. Dose, 1/2 to 2 fluidrachms. ... / ...off the habit has not been sustained. In our own experience we have utterly failed to accomplish any good with it in any form of drug habit. ²

BAPTISIA
   The recent root and leaves of Baptisia tinctoria, Robert Brown (Nat. Ord. Leguminosae), a perennial shrub-like plant, indigenous to North... / ...to the typhoid element present. In dysentery the greater the evidence of intestinal ulceration the stronger the call for baptisia. For septic conditions other than typhoid, baptisia is distinctly usef... / ...healing of the ulcerated surfaces. In all of the local disorders mentioned, baptisia should be given internally as well as applied locally.²

BRYONIA
   The root of Bryonia dioica, Jacquin, and Bryonia alba, Linné (Nat. Ord. Cucurbitaceae.) Europe. Common Names: Bryony, Bastard Turnip, Devil's... / ...eeling, too tired to think; perspiring on slight movement. Action.—The fresh root of bryonia is a strong irritant, and when bruised and kept in contact with the skin blisters it. When taken internall... / ...its origin in irritation or erethism. Tensive or sharp pains are almost always present, and the secretion, if there is any, is small in quantit²

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
   The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus species—MM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...he heart-muscle, and in cardiac pain of a constrictive character, as if the organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart tr...²

CAFFEA
   ...and the capacity for exertion without being followed by fatigue or exhaustion. Therapy.—Coffee in strong infusion is given both by stomach and rectum in opium poisoning. It should be made fresh and a......ng infusion is given both by stomach and rectum in opium poisoning. It should be made fresh and as strong as possible. The warmth adds to its efficiency. A cup of strong, hot coffee is often an effect......ace and injected eyes, but will be likely to aggravate a neuralgic headache when the face is pale. Strong coffee sometimes cuts short an attack of asthma, and checks hiccough. It is the most refreshin...²

CAMPHORA
   ...tching. Slight anesthesia follows. It causes smarting and hyperaemia of the mucosa, and if applied strong may cause considerable irritation. In this manner it has produced gastric ulceration. In small......lycuronic acid. In moderate doses camphor directly stimulates the heart-muscle, causing slower and stronger contractions and increased arterial pressure, but after large doses the pressure falls. Resp...²

ACID CARBOLIC (Phenol)
   A powerful antiseptic and germicide, also an energetic and rapid poison; used internally as an anti-emetic and a gastric and in testinal antiseptic. Locally it acts as an anesthetic and cauterant. The liquified acid is applied in full strength to cauterize or thoroughly cleanse infected wounds, followed by strongalcohol to neu tralize its devitalizing effects. Carbolated oil (10 grs. to the ounce) or a carbolated ointment of similar strength, is one of the best dress ings for burns, scalds and i³

ACID NITRO-HYDROCHLORIC
   Hepatic stimulant and gastric and intestinal antiseptic; pre scribed in cirrhosis of the liver, in chronic hepatitis, in dyspepsia with deficient secretion, especially with torpid liver, and for its specific action in oxaluria. Only the freshly prepared strong acid should be used, of which the dose is 0.06 to 0.2 c. c. (1 to 3 minims) to be largely diluted when taken. The oflicial diluted acid should not be prescribed .³

CINNAMON. SAIGON
   The barkpf an undetermined species of CINNAMOMUM. Highly aromatic and somewhat astringent. Prescribed as a carminative and for its specific action in passive menorrhagia and metrorrhagia. As a rule the Saigon Cinnamon is considerably stronger than Cassia, q. v.³

DIGITALIN (German)
   Glucoside obtained from Foxerglove, q. v. Readily soluble in water and therefore well suited for hypodermatic use. [The French Digitalin is considerably stronger, but is less soluble and is not so uniform a product]. Dose, 0.0006 to 0.03 Grm. (1-100 to 1/2 gr.).³

GLYCERlN
   A dense fluid remarkable for its strong aflinity for moisture. It is hence of great use as a local depletant, especially to mucous membranes. It is thus applied to the cervix uteri to relieve conges tion and on a similar principle is used in the form of suppositories to cause the bowels to move. In diabetes mellitus, it is sometimes used in place of sugar as a sweetening agent in articles of food.³

POTASSIUM BICARBONATE
   Antacid, antilithic, diuretic, antiarthritic, stimulant. Much to be preferred to the carbonate which is a deliquescent salt. strongly alkaline in taste and liable to disturb the stomach. The acetate or citrate are to be preferred unless a direct antacid effect on the stomach is desired. Dose, 0.3 to 4.0 Grm. .5 to 60 grs.), in dilute solution.³

RED GUM (Eucalyptus Kino)
   Exudation from EUCALYPTUS ROSTRATA, Schlect. Strongly as tringent, having the same properties as true kino. Fluid Red Gum. Each pint represents; Red Gum, 6 1/2 ozs. Dose, 0.3 to 2.0 c. c. (5 to 30 M). Tincture; Fluid Red Gum, 5; Alco hol. 6; Glycerin. 2 1/2; Water, 3 1/2 volumes. Syrup Red Gum; Fluid Red Gum, 1; Syrup, 3 volumes.³

SILVER NITRATE (Lunar Caustic)
   In small doses has an alterative action; locally it is caustic in strong, astringent in dilute solutions; germicide. A valuable remedy in gastric ulcer and chronic gastric cat arrh and in ulceration of the intestines. When ulct-rations occur in the lower bowel, as also in chronic dysentery, injections of Silver Nitrate solution, about 1 grain to the fluidounce. are of great service. Locally, solutions of appropriate strength are used to abort felons, to prevent pitting in small pox; in treatment³

ASTHMA
   For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a... / ...tre paper or tobacco; belladonna or henbane, lobelia, morphine (used with due caution); in selected cases, amyl nitrite or nitroglyce rin. Sometimes strong coffee will relieve; antipyrin may give relief or inhalations of oxygen; if of nasal origin application to nasal mu cous membrane of a six per c... / ...trea cause. In any case consider question of a change of residence.³

CONJUNCTIVITIS
   In simple acute Conjunctivitis, boric... / ...acid, 10 grs. to the oz.’ in camphor water, or sodium borate of similar strength; silver nit rate, 2 to 5 firs. to the oz.; in more severe cases a stronger solution of silver nitrate (10 grs. to the oz.) or mercuric chloride, 1;10.000; zinc sulph ate, 1 to 2 grs. to the oz. In chronic conjunctivi... / ...powder; instilla tions of atropine solution with use of Iodosyl if ulcerations of cornea occur.³

PUERPERAL FEVER
   Irrigate the uterine cavity thoroughly with mercuric chloride solution (1:2000); if necessary employ curette (with caution) to remove decomposing substances; touch ulcerated spots in vagina with solu tion ol silver nitrate, 10 per cent. Sustain the patient, giving alco— holic stimulants freely; treat complication of peritonitis on general principles; if infection extends to bladder, irrigate well with strong solution of boric acid, or with corrosive sublimate, 1:8000.³

RHEUMATISM, ARTICULAR
   Acute attacks call for aconite as a cardiac sedative with one of the following antiarthritic agents;... / Acute attacks call for aconite as a cardiac sedative with one of the following antiarthritic agents; salicylic acid (best in form of sodium, strontium or methyl salicylate and accompained by sodium bicarbonate), aspirin, acetanilid or antipyrin (some prescribe phena cetin or salol). Acetanil... / ...iodide, colchicum and cod liver oil. Locally, stimulating liniments are to be applied with friction.³

SMALLPOX
   Treat symptoms as they arise. To relieve itching of eruption and prevent pitting, apply freely an ointment containing a little carbolic acid (5 grs. to the oz.) and salicylic acid (15 grs. to the oz.). Maintain patient’s strength by nourishing food; supply plenty of fresh air, but exclude strong light.³

ULCERS
   The treatment must depend on the conditions. In general the applications that are of most benefit are at once stimulating and antiseptic. That most generally useful is Iodosyl. As a cleansing agent, hydrogen peroxide is generally best, although more powerful applications (caustics) have their use, particularly strong carbolic acid followed by alcohol to limit its destructive action.³