Medgend Icon

Ledgend of Medicine







discontinued


Neural

Neural tube defects are birth defects of the brain, spine, or spinal cord. They happen in the first month of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows that she is pregnant. The two most common neural tube defects are spina bifida and anencephaly. In spina bifida, the fetal spinal column doesn't close completely. There is usually nerve damage that causes at least some paralysis of the legs. In anencephaly, most of the brain and skull do not develop. Babies with anencephaly are usually either stillborn or die shortly after birth. Another type of defect, Chiari malformation, causes the brain tissue to extend into the spinal canal.

The exact causes of neural tube defects aren't known. You're at greater risk of having an infant with a neural tube defect if you:

  • Have obesity
  • Have poorly controlled diabetes
  • Take certain antiseizure medicines

Getting enough folic acid, a type of B vitamin, before and during pregnancy prevents most neural tube defects.

Neural tube defects are usually diagnosed before the infant is born, through lab or imaging tests. There is no cure for neural tube defects. The nerve damage and loss of function that are present at birth are usually permanent. However, a variety of treatments can sometimes prevent further damage and help with complications.

NIH: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Neural FDA Approved Drugs

GRALISE [GabapentinC9H17NO2]
RX
-
300mg (oral tablet)
600mg (oral tablet)
Depomed IncJan 28, 2011
  • Treatment with gabapentin, including treatment of neuropathic pain, including neuropathic pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

HORIZANT [Gabapentin EnacarbilC16H27NO6]
RX
-
300mg (oral tablet, extended release)
600mg (oral tablet, extended release)
Arbor Pharms LlcDec 13, 2011
  • Management of postherpetic neuralgia (phn) in adults.
  • Treatment of moderate-to-severe primary restless leg syndrome in adults.
efficacy
0.0  (0)
side effects
0.0  (0)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

LYRICA [PregabalinC8H17NO2]
RX
-
100mg (oral capsule)
150mg (oral capsule)
200mg (oral capsule)
20mg/ml (oral solution)
225mg (oral capsule)
300mg (oral capsule)
75mg (oral capsule)
Pf Prism CvDec 30, 2004
  • Management of fibromyalgia.
  • Treatment of pain, including neuropathic pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy or spinal cord injury, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia.
  • Treatment of pain.
efficacy
5.0  (2)
side effects
1.0  (2)
danger
0.0  (0)

UNK

WARNING: Consult a licensed physician in the appropriate field for medical treatment and drug prescription. Do not self medicate.


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Neural

ÆSCULUS GLABRA
   The bark and fruit of Aesculus glabra, Willdenow (Nat. Ord. Sapindaceae). A small fetid tree common to the central portion of the United States. Common Names: Ohio Buckeye, Smooth Buckeye,... / ...to determine its status as a remedy for nervous disorders, and especially its control over visceral neuralgias. 1

BELLADONNA (Atropa belladonna)ATROP
   The (1) dried root and the (2) dried leaves and tops of Atropa Belladonna, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Europe and Central Asia; also... / ...abscesses, incipient and recurrent boils, buboes, hemorrhoids and fissures, inflamed glands, and in neuralgia, chronic rheumatism, lumbago, myalgia, pleurodynia, the chest pains of pulmonary tuberculo...1

CACTUS (Selenicereus spp.)
   The fresh, green stems and the flowers of Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britt. & Rose (and other Selenicereus species—MM) (Cereus grandiflorus,... / ...ritant to the cardiac ganglia, producing thereby irritability, hyperaesthesia, arrythmia, spasm and neuralgia of the heart, and even carditis and pericarditis. According to E. M. Hale, M.D., it acts. ... / ...organ were held with a strong band, it is often the most prompt of all cardiac remedies. It is a good remedy in the heart troubles produced by to1

CAFFEA
   The seeds of Caffea arabica, Linné (Nat. Ord. Rubiaceae). Native of Arabia-Felix and Ethiopia; and extensively cultivated in Asia and America... / ...hyperaemia or congestion, as shown by red face and injected eyes, but will be likely to aggravate a neuralgic headache when the face is pale. Strong coffee sometimes cuts short an attack of asthma, an... / ...preferably without sugar or cream; for use in narcotic poisoning very strong, “black coffee” may be given freely, both by mouth and per rectum.1

CAMPHORA
   ...hol, phenol, thymol, and similar bodies, ideal liquid antiseptics are obtained for use upon wounds, neuralgic and other painful areas. Powdered camphor is an ingredient of tooth powders and pastes and......ocations, for the relief of pain, stiffness, soreness and swelling, as in myalgia, facial and other neuralgias, and upon rheumatic joints, deep inflammations, chronic indurated glands and other indura...1

CANTHARIS
   The dried beetles, Cantharis vesicatoria (Linné), De Geer. (Ord. Coleoptera.) Southern Europe. Dose, 1 grain. Common Name: Spanish Fly; Synonym:... / ...pseated inflammation, to absorb inflammatory products, and to relieve local pain, as in intractable neuralgias and persistent headache. In Eclectic therapy the use of blisters is scarcely ever deemed ...1

CAPSICUM
   The ripe fruit, dried, of Capsicum frutescens, Linné (Nat. Ord. Solanaceae). Tropical America; also cultivated in most tropical countries. Dose,... / ...relief to so-called chronic rheumatic pains, and be applied in lumbago, pleurodynia and intercostal neuralgia. A stupe of hot water and capsicum applied to the nape of the neck sometimes relieves the ...1

CARYOPHYLLUS
   The unexpanded flowers (dried flower-buds) of Eugenia aromatica (Linné), O Kuntze. (Jambosa Caryophyllus (Sprengel) Niedenzu). (Nat. Ord.... / ...al pain and sometimes earache. Used pure or in ointments or liniments it relieves local pain, as in neuralgia, and in chronic eczema it allays itching, and is sometimes added to embrocations to give t... / ...oil of clove frequently relieves it. Eugenol. Derived from oil of clove and other sources may be given in doses of 1 to 3 minims.1

CHELIDONIUM
   The whole plant of Chelidonium majus, Linné (Nat. Ord. Papaveraceae). Europe naturalized in waste places in the United States. Dose, 1 to 60... / ...ich they depend. When hemorrhoids, splenic congestion, dyspepsia, headache, migraine, supra-orbital neuralgias and cough are dependent mostly upon the liver disorders helped by chelidonium, they are p...1

COLOCYNTHIS
   ...ng, twisting, boring, or tearing character, and if of the bowels, a desire to go to stool; visceral neuralgia, with cutting pain; dysentery, with tormina, and small passages of mucus, or diarrhoea wit......eak and faint, and the pain is so great as to cause him to flex his body upon his thighs. Even when neuralgic or rheumatoid, such a condition is promptly relieved by colocynth. In atonic dyspepsia, wi...... bryonia should be considered. The dose should not be large enough to purge. Colocynth is useful in neuralgia of the viscera in the parts supplied by the splanchnic nerves, as neuralgic colic. Other n...1

CONIUM
   ...to 3 drops. Specific Indications.—Nervous excitation and excessive motility, with or without pain; neuralgic pain; pain in the aged, and when there are cacoplastic deposits; gastric pain; nervousness......the drug, it is best adapted to peripheral pain with excessive mobility. Thus it relieves spasmodic neuralgia, neuralgia from carious teeth, ovarian neuralgia, and gastralgia. In gastric ulcer it is q...1

CRATAEGUSCRAN6
   The ripe fruit and bark of (1) Crataegus Oxyacantha, Linné, and (2) other species of Crataegus. (Nat. Ord. Rosaceae) 1. England and other parts... / ... or without enlargement of the rings, rheumatism of the heart, dropsy depending on heart disorders, neuralgia of the heart, tachycardia, and in atheromatous conditions of the vessels. The exact indica... / ...trial; and as yet with no rational explanation of its reputed powers. The smaller doses are suggested as more likely to succeed than full doses.1

CYPRIPEDIUMCYAL10
   The rhizome and rootlets of Cypripedium pubescens, Swartz; and of Cypripedium parviflorum, Salisbury. (Nat. Ord. Orchidaceae.) Rich woods of the... / ...c Medicine Cypripedium. Dose, 5 to 60 drops. Specific Indications.—Insomnia, nervous irritability, neuralgia and delirium, all from atony; restlessness and muscular twitching, typhomania and tremors ... / ...Simple Syrup, enough to make 3 fluidounces. Mix. Sig.: Dose, 5 to 20 drops. If nausea occurs lessen the amount of, or omit the lobelia.1

DIOSCOREA
   The rhizome of Dioscorea villosa, Linné (Nat. Ord. Dioscoreaceae). A vine found throughout the United States. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common Names:... / ...ntraction of the muscular tissues, in cholera morbus, indigestion, and dysenteric tenesmus. Ovarian neuralgia and spasmodic dysmenorrhea sometimes yield quickly to it. In all disorders it seems best ... / ...does not dissolve calculi. Usually, while there is much tenderness in cases requiring dioscorea, the distress is gradually relieved by pressure.1

EUCALYPTUSEUAN12
   The leaves of Eucalyptus Globulus, Labillardiere. Collected from the older parts of the tree. (Nat. Ord. Myrtaceae.) A native tree of Australia;... / ...sed for many of the complications or results of chronic malarial cachexia, as periodic headache and neuralgia. It is only in occasional cases of malarial fever that it does a great deal of good, espec... / ...to indications as given above, eucalyptus is a very satisfactory and pleasant medicine. It is best given in syrup or glycerin.1


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Materia Medica on Neural

ACETANILID (Phenylacetamide; Antifebrin.)
   Analgesic, antipyretic, antiseptic; a powerful depressant to the spinal nerve centers. Used especially in neuralgic and rheumatic affections to control pain. in migraine, in febrile conditions accom panied with pain. in delirium tremens, in insomnia and as a remedy for obstinate vomiting. Externally it is useful as a surgical dress ing, resembling iodoform in its action. Incompatible with bromides and iodides and with spirit of nitrous ether. It is advantageously combined with Caffeine which dim2

ACONITE
   The tuber, also the leaves (unoflicial) of ACONITU M NAPELLUs, Lin. Actively poisonous. A powerful cardiac depressant acting thus as an arterial sedative; paralyzes sensory nerves and depresses respiratory centers. Used chiefly for its antipyretic effect and in treatment of neuralgia, rheumatism and cardiac hypertrophy; local ly, in liniments, for relief of pain. Dose, 0.015 to 0.12 Grm. (% to 2 grs.).2

AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
   Stimulant expectorant, alterative, hepatic stimulant. Used es pecially in bronchitis, acute or chronic, in hepatic torpor and catar rhal jaundice, in neuralgias and as a resolvent in glandular enlarge ments. Dose, as expectorant, 0.13 to 0.6 Grm. (2 to 10 grs.); as hepa tic stimulant, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).2

ANTIPYRIN (Phenazone)
   Chemical name Phenyldimethylpyrazolon. Antipyretic, anal gesic, locally hemostatic. Used chiefly for relief of pain of a non-in fiammatory character, as in neuralgic affections and in locomotor ataxia. It often gives relief in whooping cough, and is a valuable remedy in epilepsy. Locally it is used with advantage in acute coryza and in hemorrhoids, associated generally with cocaine. Dose. 0.2 to 0.3 Grm. (3 to 5 grs.), which may be increased if the remedy is well borne.2

ARSENIC
   An active irritant poison. In small doses a powerful alterative. tonic, hematinic and antiperiodic. Prescribed in chronic cutaneous diseases, secondary syphilis, chorea, neuralgia and malarial fevers. a. Arsenous Bromide. Has been used especially in diabe tes. Dose, 0.0015 to 0.006 Grm. (1-40 to 1-10 gr.). b. Arsenous Chloride. Dose, 0.002 to 0.004 Grm. (1-30 to 1-15 am). For formulas see in Part II, Alteratives ( a) and Tonics (i). c. Arslenous iodide. Particularly useful in syphilis and obstin2

BLACK COHOSH (Cimicifuga)
   The rhizome and roots of CIMICIFUGA RACEMOs.-l, (L.) Nutt. Alterative, antispasmodic, uterine sedative. Prescribed in rheumatism, chorea, dysmenorrhea. ovarian neuralgia, asthma, spasmodic aflections gener'aliy, head ache, etc.2

CANNABIS INDICA (Indian Cannabis)
   The flowering tops of the pistillate plant of CANNABIs sa'r1vA, Lin., grown in the East Indies. Antispasmodic, analgesic, deliriant. aphrodisiac. Locally applied it is anti-pruritic. Prescribed in teta nus, in neuralgia, in insomnia and other conditions depending on anemia of the brain, in combating the morphine habit, etc. Dose, 0.2 to 0.6 Grm. (3 to 10 grs.) or more.2

CHLORETON E (Acetone-chloroform)
   Hypnotic, saiative, anesthetic, antiseptic, antiemetic; resembles chloral in its action, but is less depressing to heart and respiration; useful for relief of neuralgic pain and gastralgia; in insomnia, and as a local application to burns, scalds, carious teeth, painful ulcers, etc. Dose, 0.4 to 1.3 Grm. (6 to 20 grs.).2

COTO (Paracoto)
   The bark of an undetermined Bolivian tree, probably a species of NECTANDRA. The “Coto” commonly in use in this country is the variety which was formerly called “Paracoto.” Aromatic, astring ent, anodyne. Prescribed in obstinate diarrheas. in night sweats, neuralgia and rheumatism.2

GOLD
   The compounds of Gold have an action on the human system resembling that of mercurial salts. They modify and improve nu trition in cachectic conditions, stimulate the various emuctories and apparently give tone to the nervous system. They are hence prescribed in neurasthenia, in hysteria, in neuralgia (particularly ovarian) and in methomania. as well as in scrofula and chronic syphilis and rheumatism. a. Gold Bromide. Dose, 1-30 to 1-15 gr. The salt shows distinctly the sedative action of the br2


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Neural

NEURALGIA
   For immediate relief, prescribe acetanilid, phenacetin or anti pyrin usually conjoined with caffeine and potassium or sodium bro mide, sometimes gelsemium or cannabis indica; locally, liniments of aconite or chloroform; menthol, chloride of methyl spray; applica tions of electricity; hypodermatic injections of morphine and atropine (only when nothing else will serve). .In the general treatment, strychnine, arsenic and iron are the most generally useful remedies, but attention must always be give...2

SCIATICA
   General treatment for neuralgia. Hypodermatic iniections of atropine in heroic doses (1-20 grain) is highly recommended by some to cut short the attack. Others advise acupuncture or local massage or the ether spray, applied daily, or the hypodermatic use of morphine or of chloroform. In any case the hot water bottle and liniments of chloroform, aconite, methyl salicylate and menthol are remedies of value.2


References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.