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Strychnine

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WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Felter's Materia Medica on Strychnine

ÆSCULUS GLABRA
   ...tems. Its action is probably strongest on the spinal nerves, and in some respects resembles that of strychnine. The cerebrum is also impressed by it. Toxic symptoms include dizziness, fixation of the ......actice. It has been suggested as a spinal stimulant in paralysis. If so used it should be used like strychnine after active symptoms have ceased, and to stimulate the unimpaired nervous tissue. Aescul...1

ALOEALOE
   The dried juice of the leaves of several species of Aloe: (1) Aloe Perryi, Baker; (2) Aloe vera, Linné; (3) Aloe ferox, Miller. (Nat. Ord.... / ...favorite laxative pills, composed of varying amounts of either drug in combination with belladonna, strychnine, and ipecac, and sometimes with the addition of capsicum. One of the best of these is the...1

ARNICA MONTANA
   The dried flower-heads of Arnica montana, Linné (Nat. Ord. Compositae). A perennial of Siberia and the cooler parts of Europe; also found in... / ...her fevers, and in lobar pneumonia. In such conditions arnica is most useful and compares well with strychnine or atropine, or phosphorus, none of which are so safe as arnica. Arnica will prove useful...1

CONIUM
   The full grown fruit, gathered green, of Conium maculatum, Linné (Nat. Ord. Umbelliferae). Europe and Asia; naturalized in the United... / ...h out the stomach by means of the stomach pump. Artificial respiration and heat are to be used, and strychnine, atropine and digitalis, as well as the diffusible stimulants, to sustain respiration and... / ...be applied and be given to relieve pain even when a cure is not possible. It relieves the pain of swollen mammae during the menstrual periods a1

IGNATIA
   The seed of Strychnos Ignatia, Lindley (Nat. Ord.... / .... Philippine Islands. Dose, 1 to 2 grains. Common Name: St. Ignatius Bean. Principal Constituents.—Strychnine and brucine, the former predominating; and igasuric acid. Preparation.—Specific Medicine... / ...be a different molecular constitution in the two drugs, accounting for the varying shades of therapeutic activity ascribed to the two medicines.1

NUX VOMICA
   ... Poison Nut, Dog Button, Quaker Buttons. Principal Constituents.-The powerfully poisonous alkaloids strychnine (C21H22O2N2) and brucine (C23H26N2O4) in union with igasuric acid. Loganin, a glucoside, ......ual colic; constipation; diarrhoea of atony; functional forms of paralysis. Action.—In small doses strychnine (and nux vomica) has but little apparent effect other than that of a powerful bitter and ......uity the nerve centers of the special senses. Temperature is scarcely affected by ordinary doses of strychnine. While a portion of strychnine is oxidized in the body, the drug is excreted by the kidne...1

PHYSOSTIGMAPHYSO4
   The dried, ripe seed of Physostigma venenosum, Balfour (Nat.... / ... heat, and respiratory and cardiac stimul ation by means of alcohol, ether, ammonia, digitalis, and strychnine. Wood suggests the availability of the antagonizing effect of pilocarpine (which by some ...... failure, and the drug has not therefore had a fair trial. It is one of the suggested antidotes for strychnine poisoning, the alkaloid being preferred. For all of1

PIPER METHYSTICUM
   The root of Piper methysticum, Forster (Nat. Ord. Piperaceae). South Sea Islands. Dose, 5 to 60 grains. Common Names: Kava-Kava, Ava, Ava-Pepper... / ...ium, belladonna, and macrotys; while if there is marked debility it may be given with nux vomica or strychnine. Piper methysticum increases the power to urinate and, through its anaesthetic qualities,... / ...or testicular diseases, or pectoral neuralgia arising reflexly from nervous dyspepsia are cases for the exhibition of Piper methysticum.1

VERATRUM VIRIDE
   The dried rhizome and roots of Veratrum viride, Aiton (Nat. Ord. Liliaceae). An indigenous plant of swamps, low grounds, and moist meadows. Dose,... / ...e given by mouth or otherwise, ammonia and alcoholics may be used by enema or hypodermatically, and strychnine or digitalis may be given by the latter method. External heat, sinapisms, friction, etc.,... / ...abscesses, inflamed acne, cellulitis, and other local inflammations, veratrum wi1

VISCUM
   The leaves and branches of Viscum flavescens, Pursh (Nat. Ord. Loranthaceae). A parasitic plant found upon forest trees, especially the oaks in... / ...erries. Its action would suggest its possible value in nervous disorders, and it has been used like strychnine in heart disorders with feeble pulse, dyspnea, edema, and inability to lie down. It is al... / ...“Specific Indications”, and even in these it needs further study.1


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Materia Medica on Strychnine

AMYL NITRITE
   Antispasmodic, reducing arterial tension and so causing momen tary acceleration of the heart beat. Used chiefly by inhalation to relax spasm, notably in asthma, in whooping cough. in spasmodic croup, in epileptic seizures, in tetanus and strychnine poisoning and in spasmodic dysmenorrhea. It is a valuable agent also in angina pec toris and in sudden heart failure, but must be used always intelli gently and with due caution remembering that it is a depressant, not a stimulant. Dose. usually 0.13 2

BROMIDES
   Since the medicinal action of the several alkaline bromides is es sentially the same, and they are frequently prescribed in combina tion, they are grouped here under a single head. They are sedative to the cerebro-spinal centers and hence employed in epilepsy, in in fantile convulsions, in tetanus, in strychnine poisoning, in whooping cough and generally for quieting nervous excitement and in particu lar sexual erethism. In epilepsy a combination of two or more brom ides often gives better resul2

CALABAR BEAN (Physostigma).PHVE11
   The seeds of PHYSOSTIGMA VENENOSUM, Bali. Deprossant of motor tract of spinal cord; used in tetanus and in strychnine poison ing to control spasms, in constipation, and to counteract the effect of atropine on the eye.2

CHLORAL (Chloral Hydrate)
   A powerful hypnotic, less eflicient as an anodyne than opium; antispasmodic. Especially valuable in spasms of strychnine poison ing, tetanus, hysteria and chorea. Dose, 0.6 to 2.0 Grm. (10 to 30 grs.).2

CHLOROFORM
   Anesthetic, hypnotic, sedative, antispasmodic. Used to relieve spasm as in strychnine poisoning, as a solvent for biliary calculi and as an ingredient in cough mixtures.2

EUPEPTIC HYPOPHOSPHITES
   An admirable general tonic having a wide range of usefulness in de bilitated conditions. Its active constituents are in each fluidrachm; Calcium Hypophosphite,1/2 gr.; Potassium Hypophosphite, 1 gr.; Manganese Hypophosphite, 1/4 gr.; Ferric Hypophosphite, 1/4 gr.; Quinine Hypophosphite, 1-16 gr.; Strychnine Hypophospbite, 1-80 gr.; Pancreatin Saccharated, 1 gr.; Pepsin Saccharated, 1 1/2 grs. The combination has therefore, 1st the specific action bf the hypo phosphites as restoratives, supplying2

NUX VOMICA
   The seeds of SrnYCrmos NUX-VOMICA. Lin. A tetanizing pois on; a powerful stimulant to spinal nerve centers. Prescribed often with laxatives in chronic constipation to stimulate peristaltic action; more used than any other tonic in nervous debility, associated often with iron and quinine. The active principle, Strychnine, q. v., is largely used in preference to preparations of the crude drug.2

STRYCHNINESTTO6
   Alkaloid obtained from STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA, L. and other species of Strychnos. Properties of Nux Vomica, q. v. The Sulphate and the Nitrate are the salts most used. The alkaloid itself is almost insoluble in water and so should not be prescribed. Dose of the salts, 0.0006 to 0.004 Grm. (1-100 to 1-16 gr.).2

TONIC PILOCARPINE COMPOUND
   A combination in which the powerful secernant action of Pilocarpine is secured without the depressing effects commonly produced by that remedy. A most eflicient agent in the treatment of anasarca and ascites. Each fluidrachm contains; Pilocarpine Hydrochloride, 1-32 gr.; Strychnine Sulphate, 1-64 gr.; Digitoxin, 1-500 gr.; Sparteine Sulphate. 1/8 gr.2


WARNING: All medicines, drugs, plants, chemicals or medicial precedures below are for historical reference only. Many of these treatments are now known to be harmful and possibly fatal. Do not consume any plant, chemical, drug or otherwise without first consulting a licensed physician that practices medine in the appropriate field.

Physician's Therapeutics Memoranda on Strychnine

AMBLYOPIA
   ...tain the cause. If due to constitutional taint, use altera tives. notably potassium iodide. If from extreme debility, appropri ate tonils, especially strychnine; if from uremia, Tonic Pilocarpine Compound; if from auto-intoxication, a mercurial purge; ii from ex cess, Eupeptic Hypophosphites. glycer......f from uremia, Tonic Pilocarpine Compound; if from auto-intoxication, a mercurial purge; ii from ex cess, Eupeptic Hypophosphites. glycerophosphates, strychnine and other tonics, with avoidance of cause; ii lrom tobacco or almhol, ab stain lrom these and use heart tonics, especially Elixir Digitalin...2

APOPLEXY, CEREBRAL
   Blood pressure must be reduced by ve-nesection, if the case ad mits it, by action of a rapid purge of croton oil or elaterium or by arterial... / ...re after the stroke) potassium iodide in full doses. The paralysis is to be treated on general principles by massage, pas sive exercise, electricity, strychnine, the last to be used with due cau tion.2

ASTHMA
   For immediate relief, the smoke from mixtures of stramonium or henbane leaves with nitre and a... / ...brane of a six per cent. solution of cocaine hydrochloride, See that all hygienic conditions are favorable. For general treatment, tonics, especially strychnine; grindelia, euphorbia pilulifera; iodides, arsenic; if of cardiac origin, heart tonics, Elixir Digitalin Compound, N., B. & Co.; if arising...2

ATONY
   Strychnine is generally useful; appropriate local stimulants.2

BRONCHITIS
   In the incipient stage, quinine with a little Dover powder and a laxative may ward off the attack. If inflammatory action is estab lished, active... / ...d similar remedies. Eucalyptol in spray or by inhalation is very eflicient. When there is hypersecretion, avoid ammonium chloride and use belladonna, strychnine and counter-irritation.2

CHOLERA, ASIATIC
   As prophylactic measures, avoid all uncooked foods, especiaHy water that has not been boiled; sulphuric acid lemonade. In... / ... An old plan of treatment which was very successful was with heroic doses of calomel. In stage of collapse stimulants and hot baths or hot water bed; strychnine and atropine hypodermatically; subcutaneous injection of normal salt solution.2

CONSTIPATION
   Medicate no more than is necessary. Prescribe regular open air exercise, regularity in going to... / ...usion, or the oflicial compound liquorice pow der) or cascara sagrada (fluid extract aromatic or jellules); 3, com binations of aloin, belladonna and strychnine, or of podophyllin with nux vomica and belladonna; 4, saline waters or their equiva lent in effervescing granules, particularly the prepara...2

DEBILITY
   Treatment varies with cause. Hematinic tonics are generally indicated. Eupeptic H ypop hosphites, Haemo-mangan with Arsenic, Elixir Iron, Quinine and Strychnine, Vitalic Hypophosphites, may be particularized. For remedies in sexual debility see Aphrodisiacs, but in most cases general roborant measures with moderation in sexual indul gence are all that is required.2

DIABETES INSIPIDUS
   If dependent on vaso-motor relaxation, ergot, extract suprarenal glands; astringents, particularly gallic acid and rhus aromatica. If due to nervous irritability, belladonna, nervines, bromides. Tonics are generally indicated, particularly iron and strychnine.2

DIABETES MELLITUS
   Exclude sugar and starch as far as possible from the diet, but do not starve the patient. The remedies most likely to be useful are; Solution Gold and... / ...um nitrate (2 grs. increased gradually to 10 or more, after each meal). Tonics must be prescribed as indicated, arsenic, iron, g1ycerophos phates and strychnine being particularly useful.2

DIPHTHERIA AND MEMBRANOUS CROUP
   Isolate the patient and watch carefully all children who may have been exposed. In every case... / ...ion of 40 minims solution ferric chloride and 10 fluidrachms absolute alcohol) is preferred by some. As tonics, tincture ferric chloride, quinine and strychnine are of service, and strength must be maintained by fluid or semifluid nourishing food such as peptonized milk (given per rectum if swallowi...2

FLATULENCE
   Carminatives and gastric antiseptics; nux vomica or strychnine; treat the dyspeptic conditions on general principles.2

INFLUENZA
   The remedies most prescribed in the early stage are; aconlte and potassium citrate to control the febrile symptoms; phenacetin or... / ... depressing agents such as tartar emetic. Cannabis indica is a safe sedative in these cases. Combat the peculiar depression as the case progresses by strychnine or nux vomica in full doses, combined often with belladonna.2

NEURALGIA
   For immediate relief, prescribe acetanilid, phenacetin or anti pyrin usually conjoined with... / ...spray; applica tions of electricity; hypodermatic injections of morphine and atropine (only when nothing else will serve). .In the general treatment, strychnine, arsenic and iron are the most generally useful remedies, but attention must always be given to the general condition of the patient, and l...2

PARALYSIS AGITANS
   Useful remedies are combinations of strychnine, arsenic and iron; cannabis ind ica, zinc valerianate and gelsemium; glycerophosphates; sparteine, belladonna.2


References

1) Felter, Harvey Wickes, 1922, The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2) Nelson, Baker & Co., 1904, Physician's Handy Book of Materia Medica and Therapeustics, Detroit, Michigan.